Number and arrangement of the electron pairs around:
a. C in CCl4
b. S in H2S
c. Al in AlH3
d. Ga in GaCl3
8, 10, 6, 6 total electrons around central atom.
You will need to determine the arrangement since it is difficult to draw these structures on these boards.
Check my work. It's late.
the answer given to you was wrong i don't know how to do AlH3 but the others are tetragedrals and have four pairs
a. C in CCl4:
In CCl4, carbon (C) forms four strong covalent bonds with four chlorine (Cl) atoms, resulting in a tetrahedral electron pair geometry. Each chlorine atom shares one electron with carbon, and carbon also has four lone pairs of electrons. Therefore, the number and arrangement of electron pairs around carbon in CCl4 is:
Number of electron pairs: 4 (4 bonds + 0 lone pairs)
Arrangement: Tetrahedral
b. S in H2S:
In H2S, sulfur (S) forms two strong covalent bonds with two hydrogen (H) atoms, resulting in a bent or V-shaped electron pair geometry. Each hydrogen atom shares one electron with sulfur, and sulfur has two lone pairs of electrons. Therefore, the number and arrangement of electron pairs around sulfur in H2S is:
Number of electron pairs: 2 (2 bonds + 2 lone pairs)
Arrangement: Bent or V-shaped
c. Al in AlH3:
In AlH3, aluminum (Al) forms three strong covalent bonds with three hydrogen (H) atoms, resulting in a trigonal planar electron pair geometry. Each hydrogen atom shares one electron with aluminum, and aluminum doesn't have any lone pairs. Therefore, the number and arrangement of electron pairs around aluminum in AlH3 is:
Number of electron pairs: 3 (3 bonds + 0 lone pairs)
Arrangement: Trigonal planar
d. Ga in GaCl3:
In GaCl3, gallium (Ga) forms three strong covalent bonds with three chlorine (Cl) atoms, resulting in a trigonal planar electron pair geometry. Each chlorine atom shares one electron with gallium, and gallium doesn't have any lone pairs. Therefore, the number and arrangement of electron pairs around gallium in GaCl3 is:
Number of electron pairs: 3 (3 bonds + 0 lone pairs)
Arrangement: Trigonal planar
To determine the number and arrangement of electron pairs around an atom, we need to know the Lewis structure of the molecule. The Lewis structure shows the arrangement of atoms and the shared and unshared electron pairs around the central atom.
a. C in CCl4:
The Lewis structure of CCl4 is:
Cl
|
Cl-C-Cl
|
Cl
In CCl4, the central atom is carbon (C). Carbon has four valence electrons. Each chlorine atom contributes one electron, and the bond between carbon and chlorine is a covalent bond (sharing of electrons). In CCl4, the carbon atom forms four covalent bonds with four chlorine atoms, resulting in a tetrahedral molecular geometry. Therefore, there are four electron pairs surrounding the carbon atom in CCl4.
b. S in H2S:
The Lewis structure of H2S is:
H H
\ /
S
In H2S, the central atom is sulfur (S). Sulfur has six valence electrons. Each hydrogen atom contributes one electron, and the bond between sulfur and hydrogen is a covalent bond. In H2S, the sulfur atom forms two covalent bonds with two hydrogen atoms, resulting in a bent molecular geometry. Therefore, there are two electron pairs surrounding the sulfur atom in H2S.
c. Al in AlH3:
The Lewis structure of AlH3 is:
H H H
\ / \
Al
In AlH3, the central atom is aluminum (Al). Aluminum has three valence electrons. Each hydrogen atom contributes one electron, and the bond between aluminum and hydrogen is a covalent bond. In AlH3, the aluminum atom forms three covalent bonds with three hydrogen atoms, resulting in a trigonal planar molecular geometry. Therefore, there are three electron pairs surrounding the aluminum atom in AlH3.
d. Ga in GaCl3:
The Lewis structure of GaCl3 is:
Cl Cl
\ /
Ga
In GaCl3, the central atom is gallium (Ga). Gallium has three valence electrons. Each chlorine atom contributes one electron, and the bond between gallium and chlorine is a covalent bond. In GaCl3, the gallium atom forms three covalent bonds with three chlorine atoms, resulting in a trigonal planar molecular geometry. Therefore, there are three electron pairs surrounding the gallium atom in GaCl3.