What acid or base will you expect to find as a constituent of
a) baking soda
b) vinegar
c) gastric juice
d) soda ash
e) lye
a. NaHCO3
b. CH3COOH
c. HCl
d. Na2CO3
e. NaOH
To determine the acid or base present in each substance, we can use knowledge of common compounds found in each item and their chemical properties. Let's go through each one:
a) Baking soda: Baking soda is known chemically as sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). It is a basic compound consisting of a bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and a sodium ion (Na+). Therefore, the constituent in baking soda is a base, specifically the bicarbonate ion.
b) Vinegar: Vinegar is an acidic liquid primarily composed of acetic acid (CH3COOH). Acetic acid is a weak acid that results from the fermentation of ethanol by certain bacteria. This makes vinegar an acidic substance.
c) Gastric juice: Gastric juice is the digestive fluid found in the stomach. It contains various compounds, but the primary constituent responsible for its acidity is hydrochloric acid (HCl). Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that aids in the digestion of food in the stomach.
d) Soda ash: Soda ash, also known as sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), is a white crystalline substance commonly used in various applications including glass manufacturing and water treatment. Sodium carbonate is a basic compound, which means it acts as a base.
e) Lye: Lye refers to a strong alkaline compound called sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Sodium hydroxide is a strong base commonly used in soap making and cleaning products. It is highly caustic and can cause burns if not handled properly.
In summary:
a) Baking soda: Base (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3)
b) Vinegar: Acid (acetic acid, CH3COOH)
c) Gastric juice: Acid (hydrochloric acid, HCl)
d) Soda ash: Base (sodium carbonate, Na2CO3)
e) Lye: Base (sodium hydroxide, NaOH)