Create and describe a data set including independent and dependent variables (be creative) and a table of the data. Explain how this would best be graphed to accurately present the results of the research (type of graph, axes, and scale limits – minimum and maximum).
If you have a data set graph that. If not, make up data relating to the type of experiment you are doing (sometimes teachers make you do this to see if you understand the subject) and plot it on the graph. The type of graph will differ with the data but you will generally use a bar graph, a scatter plot, or a line graph to graph scientific data. The scale limits are just how high or low your data goes.
The independent variable (x-axis)is what you are manipulating (or changing) in the experiment and the dependent variable (y axis) is what you measured in the experiment. Don't forget to label your the x and y axis (including units measured in ... example: millimeters, grams, miles, etc.) and a title for your graph, these may not be required for your class but they will be required in future classes so you may as well get used to using them now. Good luck!
and your question about this is ...
To create a creative data set, let's consider a hypothetical research study on the effects of studying and sleeping on academic performance. Here's an example:
Independent Variable: Study Time (measured in hours)
Dependent Variable: Test Score (measured from 0-100)
Control Variable: Sleep Time (measured in hours)
We'll gather data from a sample of college students to examine how the hours they allocate to studying (independent variable) affect their test scores (dependent variable), while also considering the number of hours they sleep (control variable).
Here's an example table representing the data set:
| Student | Study Time (hours) | Sleep Time (hours) | Test Score (out of 100) |
|---------|-------------------|--------------------|------------------------|
| S1 | 4 | 8 | 78 |
| S2 | 6 | 7 | 86 |
| S3 | 3 | 6 | 72 |
| S4 | 2 | 5 | 68 |
| S5 | 5 | 9 | 92 |
To accurately present the results of this research, a scatter plot would be the most appropriate graph. The x-axis represents the Study Time (independent variable) while the y-axis represents the Test Score (dependent variable).
The scale limits for the x-axis could be set from a minimum value of 0 to a maximum value of the highest study time observed in the data set. In this case, the x-axis range would be from 0 to 6 since the highest study time recorded is 6 hours.
For the y-axis, the scale limits could be set from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 100, as the test scores range from 0 to 100.
Each data point (student) would be represented by a dot on the graph, with its placement being determined by the corresponding study time on the x-axis and test score on the y-axis. A trendline or regression line may also be included to show the overall relationship between study time and test scores.
Let's create a creative data set for research on the factors influencing students' academic performance. We will consider the independent variables as the number of hours spent studying, the amount of sleep obtained, and the level of physical activity. The dependent variable will be the students' final grades.
To present this data accurately, we can create a table like the one below:
Table 1: Factors Affecting Academic Performance
| Student | Studying hours (independent variable) | Sleep hours (independent variable) | Physical activity (independent variable) | Final Grades (dependent variable) |
|---------|---------------------------------------|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| Student A | 4 | 8 | Low | 75 |
| Student B | 6 | 7 | Moderate | 85 |
| Student C | 10 | 6 | High | 95 |
| Student D | 8 | 9 | Low | 80 |
| Student E | 5 | 7 | Moderate | 70 |
To graphically represent this data, a scatter plot would be an appropriate choice. A scatter plot can effectively display the relationship between the independent variables (studying hours, sleep hours, physical activity) and the dependent variable (final grades).
For the x-axis (horizontal), we can present the independent variables such as studying hours, sleep hours, and physical activity. Each independent variable will have its own axis on the graph. The scale limits (minimum and maximum) on these axes will depend on the range of values in the data set. For example, if the studying hours range from 0 to 12, we can set the scale from 0 to 12. The same principle applies to sleep hours and physical activity.
For the y-axis (vertical), we will plot the dependent variable, which is the final grades. The scale limits for this axis will also depend on the range of grades in the data set.
The scatter plot will consist of multiple data points, each representing a student's data. These points will be plotted using their corresponding values for the independent and dependent variables. We can use different colors or symbols to differentiate between the levels of physical activity.
By using a scatter plot with appropriate axis labels, scale limits, and symbols, we can accurately display the relationships between the independent variables (studying hours, sleep hours, physical activity) and the dependent variable (final grades) in an easily interpretable manner.