Under what conditions of temperature and pressure do you think that the gas laws would work best? List specifics.
Under what conditions do you think the gas laws would deviate most from ideal behavior? The opposite of that is the answer to your question. Think along the lines of corrections to the ideal gas law of PV = nRT made by the van der Waals equation.
STP
Would it be n2a/V2?
STP is not where they deviate most. High pressures and low temperatures, where the molecules are close together (therefore there is more attraction between molecules), and where the volume of the molecules become more important.
The gas laws, which include Boyle's law, Charles's law, and Gay-Lussac's law, relate the variables of temperature, pressure, and volume for an ideal gas. While these laws are approximations and have limitations, they work best under certain conditions of temperature and pressure. Here are the specific conditions:
1. Low pressure: The gas laws work best at low pressure conditions, typically below 1 atm (atmosphere). At low pressures, the intermolecular forces of gases are minimal, and the gas particles behave in an ideal manner.
2. High temperature: The gas laws also work best at high temperatures. Increasing the temperature increases the kinetic energy of gas particles, making them move more rapidly and collide more frequently. This, in turn, minimizes the influence of intermolecular forces and allows the gas laws to become more accurate.
3. Ideal gas behavior: The gas laws are most applicable to gases that behave as ideal gases. Ideal gases are those that obey the Kinetic Molecular Theory assumptions, which include negligible volume and no intermolecular forces. This behavior is most closely observed at low pressures and high temperatures.
It is important to note that the gas laws are idealizations and may not perfectly describe real gases, particularly at high pressures and low temperatures. Under extreme conditions, gases may deviate significantly from ideal gas behavior, and more complex equations are required to accurately describe their properties.
To summarize, the gas laws work best under conditions of low pressure, high temperature, and when dealing with gases that behave closely to ideal gases.