tell whether .1M solutions of the following salts would be acidic, neutral, or basic: CaCl2, CuSO4, (NH4)2SO4, KClO4, KClO4, NaCN.
To determine whether a solution is acidic, neutral, or basic, we need to consider the behavior of the salt when it dissolves in water and the nature of the ions it produces.
1. CaCl2 (Calcium chloride):
When calcium chloride dissolves in water, it dissociates into Ca2+ and 2 Cl- ions. Since none of these ions are capable of releasing or accepting protons (H+), the resulting solution will be neutral.
2. CuSO4 (Copper sulfate):
When copper sulfate dissolves in water, it dissociates into Cu2+ and SO42- ions. Similarly to calcium chloride, none of these ions can release or accept protons, so the resulting solution will be neutral.
3. (NH4)2SO4 (Ammonium sulfate):
When ammonium sulfate dissolves in water, it dissociates into 2 NH4+ and SO42- ions. The ammonium ion, NH4+, can release a proton, making the solution slightly acidic.
4. KClO4 (Potassium perchlorate):
When potassium perchlorate dissolves in water, it dissociates into K+ and ClO4- ions. Neither of these ions can release or accept protons, resulting in a neutral solution.
5. NaCN (Sodium cyanide):
When sodium cyanide dissolves in water, it dissociates into Na+ and CN- ions. The cyanide ion, CN-, is a weak base and can accept a proton, making the solution slightly basic.
In summary:
- CaCl2 and CuSO4 solutions are neutral.
- (NH4)2SO4 solution is slightly acidic.
- KClO4 solution is neutral.
- NaCN solution is slightly basic.
To determine whether a solution of a salt is acidic, neutral, or basic, we need to consider the ions produced when the salt dissolves in water. We can start by analyzing each salt individually:
1. CaCl2 (Calcium Chloride):
When CaCl2 dissolves in water, it dissociates into Ca^2+ (calcium) and 2Cl^- (chloride) ions. Since both Ca^2+ and Cl^- are non-reactive with water, the resulting solution would be neutral.
2. CuSO4 (Copper(II) Sulfate):
CuSO4 dissociates in water, yielding Cu^2+ (copper) and SO4^2- (sulfate) ions. Again, neither ion reacts with water, so the solution would be neutral.
3. (NH4)2SO4 (Ammonium Sulfate):
This salt dissociates to produce 2NH4^+ (ammonium) and SO4^2- (sulfate) ions. However, the ammonium ion (NH4^+) can donate a proton (H+) to water, making the solution acidic.
4. KClO4 (Potassium Perchlorate):
KClO4 dissociates into K+ (potassium) and ClO4^- (perchlorate) ions. Since neither ion reacts with water, the solution would be neutral.
5. NaCN (Sodium Cyanide):
NaCN dissociates to produce Na+ (sodium) and CN^- (cyanide) ions. Cyanide (CN^-) is a weak base and can react with water to produce OH^- ions, making the solution basic.
So, to summarize the answers:
- CaCl2: Neutral
- CuSO4: Neutral
- (NH4)2SO4: Acidic
- KClO4: Neutral
- NaCN: Basic
I do these by reasoning. The equations I write are not right but the answers are right.
KClO4 + HOH ==> HClO4 + KOH
HClO4 is a strong acid. KOH is a strong base Therefore, the solution of the salt is neutral.
If the acid is strong and base is weak the solution of the salt will be acidic.
If the acid is weak and base is strong the solution of the salt will be basic.
If the acid is weak and base is weak the salt depends upon which is the stronger of the acid/base combination.