Does this sentence work?

Lana, the protagonist of the novel, struggles to reach her dream, but only to encounter a succession of dilemmas from the .

No

Take out the middle and look:

Lana ..... only to encounter a succ....

Lana is subject of a missing verb

It should be
Lana ..... encounters a succ....

or skip the word "but"

The sentence you presented is incomplete as it ends abruptly with "from the." It seems that there is missing information or a typo at the end. To determine if a sentence works, it would be helpful to have the complete sentence.