Yes, "a" is an early step in the planning process.
Yes, the correct answer is a) planning. The manager is trying to understand and analyze the reasons behind the employee recruitment effort's underperformance, which falls under the planning function of management.
Yes, you are correct! The scenario described, where a manager is trying to understand why an employee recruitment effort is not meeting expectations, is an example of planning. Planning involves setting organizational goals and determining the most effective way to achieve them. In this case, the manager is likely reviewing and analyzing the recruitment strategy to identify the reasons behind its underperformance. By doing so, they can make adjustments and improve the recruitment effort in the future.
