What does this definition of rhetoric mean by Plato:
the persuasion of ignorant masses within the courts and assemblies
The only way most people got news or ads or political information was from what they heard. Most were illiterate. So Plato meant that verbal rhetoric was the only way to teach the masses of people.
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I am not certain this is his meaning. Plato was fighting against high sounding arguments, full of sound and fury, but meaning little. Such were the retorical arguments in the "courts" of the rich and powerful, and in the "assembilies" of the priviledged. Plato was very unhappy over these famous folks, who proclaimed "high minded" philosophy, these same people murdered Socrates, Plato's teacher. So Plato here is being derisive, about those who preach philosophy and high minded ideals, when in fact they are plotting murderers. Note Plato stated those in the courts and assemblies were "ignorant masses".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetoric#Plato
Thanks, Bob. Your answer is much better than mine.
Plato's definition of rhetoric in this context refers to the act of persuading ignorant masses within the courts and assemblies. To fully understand this definition, it is necessary to dive into the works of Plato, particularly his dialogue "Gorgias" where he extensively discusses the topic of rhetoric.
In "Gorgias," Plato differentiates between true knowledge and mere persuasion. He argues that the primary aim of rhetoric, as practiced by many in his time, is not to uncover the truth but to manipulate and sway the opinion of the masses, often appealing to their ignorance. Plato criticizes this form of persuasion as he believes it does not lead to genuine understanding or enlightenment.
To grasp the meaning behind Plato's definition, it is essential to understand his perspective on knowledge and the purpose of rhetoric. Plato believed that true knowledge should be based on reason, logic, and understanding objective truths. In his ideal society, philosophers who possess true knowledge would guide and govern, not the ignorant masses who can easily be swayed by manipulative rhetoric.
In the context of courts and assemblies, where decisions are made and public opinion is formed, Plato saw a danger in the use of rhetoric to persuade the uninformed majority. He felt that it could lead to unjust outcomes and the promotion of falsehoods. Instead, he advocated for the use of logical arguments and reasoning to make decisions and influence society.
So, when Plato mentions "the persuasion of ignorant masses within the courts and assemblies," he is essentially criticizing the practice of using manipulative rhetoric to sway public opinion instead of engaging in genuine dialogue and reasoning based on knowledge and truth. This definition highlights his deep concern for the potential misuse of rhetoric and its negative impact on the formation of fair and just decisions and opinions.