determine how much copper you will use. based on the mass of silver nitrate, calculate how much copper will you need to ensure copper is the excess reactant. you need to use 300% excess copper. Help me please!
You must do better than that in showing us the problem. As it stands it makes no sense at all to me.
To determine the amount of copper needed to ensure that it is in excess during a reaction, you will first need to know the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between copper and silver nitrate. Let's assume the balanced equation is:
Cu + 2 AgNO3 -> Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
From the balanced equation, you can see that the stoichiometric ratio between copper and silver nitrate is 1:2. This means that for every 1 mole of copper, you need 2 moles of silver nitrate.
To calculate the amount of copper needed, you will need the mass of the silver nitrate used as a starting point. Let's say the mass of silver nitrate is given as 'x' grams.
1. Convert the mass of silver nitrate to moles:
- Determine the molar mass of silver nitrate (AgNO3), which can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of the elements: Ag (107.87 g/mol), N (14.01 g/mol), and O (16.00 g/mol). So the molar mass of AgNO3 is 169.87 g/mol.
- Divide the given mass of silver nitrate (in grams) by its molar mass to get the number of moles.
Moles of AgNO3 = x grams / 169.87 g/mol
2. Determine the number of moles of copper needed:
From the balanced equation, you know that the stoichiometric ratio between copper and silver nitrate is 1:2. This means that for every 2 moles of silver nitrate, you need 1 mole of copper.
Moles of Cu = 1/2 * Moles of AgNO3
3. Calculate the mass of copper needed:
- Use the molar mass of copper (Cu), which is 63.55 g/mol, to convert the moles of copper to grams.
Mass of Cu = Moles of Cu * 63.55 g/mol
4. Determine the excess amount of copper needed:
You mentioned that you require a 300% excess of copper. To calculate this, multiply the mass of copper needed by 300% (or 3).
Excess mass of Cu = Mass of Cu * 3
By following these steps, you'll be able to calculate the amount of copper needed to ensure it is in 300% excess for the given mass of silver nitrate.