Write the Balmer formular and explain each tearm
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/quantumzone/balmer.html
The Balmer formula is an equation that describes the wavelengths of the spectral lines in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum emitted by hydrogen atoms. The formula is given by:
1/λ = R * (1/n₁² - 1/n₂²)
Here, λ represents the wavelength of the emitted light, R is the Rydberg constant (which has a numerical value of approximately 1.097 x 10^7 1/m), n₁ is the principal quantum number of the initial energy level, and n₂ is the principal quantum number of the final energy level.
Now, let's break down each term in the formula:
- 1/λ: This represents the inverse of the wavelength of the emitted light. By taking the reciprocal of λ, we can determine the wavelength of the spectral line.
- R: The Rydberg constant is a fundamental constant in physics that determines the overall scaling of the formula. Its value is derived from precise experimental measurements.
- 1/n₁²: This term accounts for the initial energy level of the electron in the hydrogen atom. The principal quantum number, n₁, represents the energy level the electron occupies before transitioning to a lower energy state.
- 1/n₂²: This term represents the final energy level of the electron in the hydrogen atom. The principal quantum number, n₂, corresponds to the lower energy level that the electron transitions to when emitting the light.
Essentially, the Balmer formula allows us to determine the specific wavelengths of the spectral lines produced when electrons in hydrogen atoms undergo transitions between different energy levels. By substituting different initial and final quantum numbers into the formula, we can calculate the wavelengths of the emitted light.