How is the technology of Sonar related to the social, environmental, political, ethical, and the economical condition of a country? Please explain it clearly

Sonar is relatively old technology that is used to locate submarines, map the bottom of the ocean and locate schools of fish. There is evidence that naval experiments involving large underwater explosions is harmful to certain whales. See

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/10/1008_031008_whalebends.html