In their book The Bell Curve, Murray and Herrnstein supported their claim of intelligence differences between races as attributable to

What are your choices?

What is your answer?

race and genetics.

Both inherited and environmental factors.

To understand how Murray and Herrnstein supported their claim of intelligence differences between races in their book "The Bell Curve," we need to examine their methods and arguments. It's important to note that their claims have been highly controversial, and many experts in the field of intelligence and psychology have criticized their research and conclusions.

Murray and Herrnstein argued that intelligence is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, and that there are measurable differences in intelligence between racial and ethnic groups. They claimed that these differences were partially explained by genetics, with genetics accounting for about 40-80% of intelligence variations.

To support their claims, Murray and Herrnstein analyzed a wide range of data, including standardized test scores, census data, and other studies on intelligence. They also conducted their own analysis of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), a large-scale dataset that tracked individuals over time.

They argued that their findings indicated that certain racial and ethnic groups, particularly African Americans and Hispanics, had lower average intelligence scores compared to White and Asian individuals. They attributed these differences to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Critics of Murray and Herrnstein's work have raised several concerns about their research methods and conclusions. Some argue that their analysis and interpretation of the data was flawed, and that other factors, such as socioeconomic status and cultural biases in testing, could explain the observed differences in intelligence scores.

Others emphasize that intelligence is a complex and multifaceted trait that cannot be easily reduced to a single measure, such as an IQ test. They contend that intelligence is influenced by various factors, including genetics, environment, education, and socio-cultural conditions. Moreover, they argue that differences in intelligence cannot be solely attributed to race or ethnicity.

It's important to approach discussions around intelligence and race with caution and critically evaluate the evidence presented. Understanding controversial topics like this requires engaging with primary sources, reading critiques and responses from other experts in the field, and considering multiple perspectives to arrive at a well-informed conclusion.