what would be the result if we heated a mixture of dicholoromethane and naphalene to 60 degrees celcius, collected distillate until no further material is distilled, and then cooled the flask back to room temperature?
To determine the result of heating a mixture of dichloromethane and naphthalene and then cooling it back to room temperature, we need to understand the properties of these two substances and their behavior under different conditions.
1. Dichloromethane (also known as methylene chloride) is a volatile organic compound commonly used as a solvent. Its boiling point is relatively low at 39.6 degrees Celsius, which means it easily evaporates when heated.
2. Naphthalene is a solid aromatic hydrocarbon. It is known for its distinctive odor and is commonly used in mothballs. Naphthalene has a melting point of around 80 degrees Celsius, which means it remains solid at room temperature but can melt when heated.
Given this information, let's analyze the steps and predict the results:
1. Heating the mixture to 60 degrees Celsius: At this temperature, the dichloromethane will start evaporating due to its low boiling point. The naphthalene, being a solid, will remain mostly unaffected. The heat will accelerate the evaporation of dichloromethane.
2. Collecting distillate until no further material is distilled: As the dichloromethane evaporates, it will condense into a vapor and then condense back into a liquid when it comes into contact with a cool surface (such as the condenser in a distillation setup). This condensed liquid is known as distillate. The process of collecting distillate continues until all the dichloromethane has been evaporated and collected. Naphthalene, being a solid, will not evaporate and will remain in the flask.
3. Cooling the flask back to room temperature: Once the distillation is complete, and all the dichloromethane has been evaporated and collected, the flask will be left with solid naphthalene. When the flask is cooled back to room temperature, the naphthalene will solidify again.
Therefore, the result of heating the mixture of dichloromethane and naphthalene to 60 degrees Celsius, collecting the distillate until no further material is distilled, and then cooling the flask back to room temperature will be the separation of the volatile dichloromethane as distillate, leaving naphthalene in its solid form in the flask.