What is the lewis dot structure of C2H5F?
http://www.molport.com/buy-chemicals/molecular-formula/C2H5F
http://www.chemistry.ccsu.edu/crundwell/Galleries/VSEPR/ethane.html
CH3CH2F
Look at the ethane structure and replace each bond (that the - between atoms) with two dots. For the H on the right hand end with F, and add two dots to the top, two to the right, two to the bottom of F. That will be it.
To determine the Lewis dot structure of a molecule, you need to know the number of valence electrons for each atom. Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons, hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron, and fluorine (F) has 7 valence electrons.
1. Begin by counting the total number of valence electrons in the molecule. In this case, you have two carbon atoms, so there are a total of 2 x 4 = 8 valence electrons for carbon. There are also five hydrogen atoms, so you have 5 x 1 = 5 valence electrons for hydrogen. Finally, there is one fluorine atom, which contributes 7 valence electrons. The total number of valence electrons is 8 + 5 + 7 = 20.
2. Place the atoms in the structure, with the carbon atoms in the middle and the hydrogen and fluorine atoms around them. Each carbon atom should have three hydrogens bonded to it, and one fluorine should be attached to one of the carbons.
H H
|C=C|
| |
|F|
3. Starting with the carbon atoms, distribute the remaining valence electrons around the atoms, making sure to satisfy the octet rule (except for hydrogen, which only needs 2 electrons to fill its valence shell).
4. Place the remaining electrons to complete the octet for all atoms. In this case, two electrons are left after distributing them, so they are placed on the carbon atoms.
H H
|C=C|
| |
|F|
The final Lewis dot structure for C2H5F is shown above. The pairs of dots represent the valence electrons on each atom.
To draw the Lewis dot structure of C2H5F, we need to determine the total number of valence electrons in the molecule.
Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons.
Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron.
Fluorine (F) has 7 valence electrons.
For C2H5F, we have:
2 carbon atoms (C) = 2 x 4 = 8 valence electrons
5 hydrogen atoms (H) = 5 x 1 = 5 valence electrons
1 fluorine atom (F) = 1 x 7 = 7 valence electrons
Total valence electrons = 8 + 5 + 7 = 20
Now, let's draw the Lewis dot structure step by step:
1. Determine the central atom:
In C2H5F, carbon (C) is the central atom because it is less electronegative than fluorine (F). Hydrogen (H) is typically not the central atom.
C C
2. Connect the central atom to other atoms with single bonds:
Each carbon (C) atom is connected to 3 hydrogen (H) atoms by single bonds, and one carbon (C) atom is connected to one fluorine (F) atom by a single bond.
C C
|
H - C - H
|
F
3. Place the remaining valence electrons around the atoms to satisfy the octet rule:
Fill the octet of each atom starting with the terminal atoms (hydrogen) first, then the central atom (carbon), and lastly, the most electronegative atom (fluorine).
C C
|
H - C - H
|
F
4. Confirm if the central atom has an octet:
Count the total number of electrons used so far. In this case, 5 hydrogen atoms have used 5 electrons (1 each), 2 carbon atoms have used 8 electrons (4 each), and 1 fluorine atom has used 2 electrons.
Total electrons used = 5 + 8 + 2 = 15
There are 5 remaining valence electrons (20 total - 15 used). Place these electrons as lone pairs on the central atom.
C C
|
H - C - H
|
F
5. Confirm if all atoms have an octet:
Check if all atoms, except hydrogen, have an octet of electrons. In this case, both carbon (C) atoms and the fluorine (F) atom have an octet.
The final Lewis dot structure of C2H5F is:
H
/
H - C - C - H
\ |
F