What kind(s) of particles make up (a) gaseous compound (b) liquid compound (c) solid compound?
particles? molecules make up compounds.
To determine the types of particles that make up a particular compound, we need to consider the states of matter associated with the compound:
(a) Gaseous Compound:
Gaseous compounds typically consist of individual atoms or molecules. These atoms or molecules are constantly moving and have enough kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces, resulting in a gas state. Examples of gaseous compounds include oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), and carbon dioxide (CO2).
(b) Liquid Compound:
Liquid compounds are composed of particles that are relatively close together but can move past one another, giving them the ability to flow. These particles are usually molecules or ions that experience stronger intermolecular forces compared to gaseous compounds. Examples of liquid compounds include water (H2O), ethanol (C2H5OH), and benzene (C6H6).
(c) Solid Compound:
Solid compounds consist of particles held tightly together in a fixed arrangement, forming a rigid structure. The particles in a solid compound can be atoms, ions, or molecules, depending on the compound. The intermolecular forces in solids are much stronger than in liquids or gases, keeping the particles in a fixed position. Examples of solid compounds include table salt (NaCl), diamond (C), and sugar (C12H22O11).
It's important to note that the types of particles making up a compound can vary depending on the specific chemical composition of the compound. This means that compounds in different states of matter may have different types of particles comprising them.