1)what is the name of the common commercial chemical that is always obtained from the reaction of fats and strong bases such as NaOH and KaOH.
2)What is a physical property that you can tell the difference between glyceryl trimyristate abd myristic acid that is the same color and close melting point. (not including boiling point)
1.) Soaps and detergents are the outcome of a fat and strong base reaction. Triglycerides break down in the presence of a strong base to form Na+ or K+ salts of the fatty acid. This reaction is called saponification “the making of soap”.
1) The name of the common commercial chemical obtained from the reaction of fats and strong bases such as NaOH and KOH is soap. To understand why soap is produced, we need to understand a chemical process called saponification.
During saponification, fats (also known as triglycerides) react with strong bases like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH) in a process called hydrolysis. This reaction breaks down the ester bonds present in triglycerides, resulting in the formation of glycerol and soap molecules. The soap molecules have a polar (hydrophilic) head and a nonpolar (hydrophobic) tail, allowing them to effectively dissolve in both water and oil. This property of soap makes it an efficient cleanser, as it can remove dirt and grease from surfaces.
2) When examining glyceryl trimyristate and myristic acid, two substances with similar colors and melting points, one physical property that can help differentiate between them is solubility. Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a particular solvent.
Glyceryl trimyristate is an ester composed of glycerol and myristic acid. Since it has nonpolar characteristics due to the long hydrocarbon chains in myristic acid, it is generally less soluble in polar solvents like water. On the other hand, myristic acid is a fatty acid and has polar carboxyl groups, making it somewhat soluble in water due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
To test the solubility difference between the two substances, you can perform a simple experiment. Take a small amount of each substance and try to dissolve them separately in water. If one dissolves more readily than the other, it indicates a difference in solubility, which can be used to distinguish between glyceryl trimyristate and myristic acid.