How many grams of Cu(OH)2 can be produced from the reaction of 0.500g Cu with 30.0 mL of 3.0M NaOH? Which reactant is the limiting reagent?

Why did the copper and the sodium hydroxide go on a date? Because they had great chemistry!

But let's get serious and calculate it!

First, we need to find the number of moles of Cu and NaOH.

The molar mass of Cu is 63.55 g/mol, so 0.500 g of Cu is equal to 0.500 g / 63.55 g/mol = 0.00787 mol Cu.

The molarity of NaOH is 3.0 M, so the number of moles of NaOH is equal to the volume of NaOH in liters times the molarity.

30.0 mL of NaOH is equal to 30.0 mL * (1 L / 1000 mL) = 0.0300 L.

The number of moles of NaOH is therefore 0.0300 L * 3.0 mol/L = 0.0900 mol NaOH.

Now, let's look at the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

2NaOH + Cu -> Cu(OH)2 + 2Na

From the equation, we see that 2 moles of NaOH react with 1 mole of Cu to produce 1 mole of Cu(OH)2.

Comparing the moles of NaOH and Cu, we can see that the 0.00787 mol of Cu is less than the 0.0900 mol of NaOH.

Therefore, Cu is the limiting reagent, as it will be completely consumed before all the NaOH is used up.

Now, let's find the number of moles of Cu(OH)2 that can be produced.

Since 1 mole of Cu reacts with 1 mole of Cu(OH)2, the number of moles of Cu(OH)2 produced will also be 0.00787 mol.

The molar mass of Cu(OH)2 is 97.56 g/mol, so the mass of Cu(OH)2 produced will be 0.00787 mol * 97.56 g/mol = 0.767 g.

Therefore, 0.767 grams of Cu(OH)2 can be produced from the reaction.

To determine the number of grams of Cu(OH)2 produced, we need to calculate the amount of Cu(OH)2 that can be formed from each reactant (Cu and NaOH), and compare the results.

First, let's calculate the moles of Cu and NaOH:

1. Moles of Cu:
Given mass of Cu = 0.500 g
Molar mass of Cu = 63.55 g/mol

Moles of Cu = Mass of Cu / Molar mass of Cu
Moles of Cu = 0.500 g / 63.55 g/mol

Next, we need to calculate the moles of NaOH:

2. Moles of NaOH:
Volume of NaOH = 30.0 mL
Molarity of NaOH = 3.0 M

Moles of NaOH = Volume of NaOH x Molarity of NaOH
Moles of NaOH = 30.0 mL x (1 L / 1000 mL) x 3.0 mol/L

Now, let's determine the stoichiometric ratio between Cu and Cu(OH)2 from the balanced chemical equation:

2 NaOH + Cu → Cu(OH)2 + 2 Na

According to the equation, 1 mole of Cu reacts to produce 1 mole of Cu(OH)2.

Now, let's compare the moles of Cu and NaOH to determine the limiting reagent:

The reactant that produces the least amount of Cu(OH)2 is the limiting reagent.

To find the limiting reagent, calculate the moles of Cu(OH)2:

Moles of Cu(OH)2 = Moles of Cu or NaOH (whichever is smaller)

Finally, we can calculate the mass of Cu(OH)2:

Mass of Cu(OH)2 = Moles of Cu(OH)2 x Molar mass of Cu(OH)2

By comparing the masses of Cu(OH)2 produced from each reactant, we can determine which reactant is the limiting reagent.

To determine the number of grams of Cu(OH)2 produced and identify the limiting reagent, we need to follow a few steps.

Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
2Cu + 2NaOH -> Cu(OH)2 + 2Na

Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of Cu and NaOH.
Moles of Cu = mass of Cu / molar mass of Cu
Moles of Cu = 0.500 g / 63.55 g/mol (molar mass of Cu)
Moles of Cu = 0.00787 mol

Moles of NaOH = concentration of NaOH solution * volume of NaOH solution
Moles of NaOH = 3.0 mol/L * 0.030 L (converted 30.0 mL to liters)
Moles of NaOH = 0.090 mol

Step 3: Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the limiting reagent.
The molar ratio between Cu and Cu(OH)2 is 2:1 (from the balanced equation).

Moles of Cu(OH)2 = 0.00787 mol * (1 mol Cu(OH)2 / 2 mol Cu)
Moles of Cu(OH)2 = 0.00393 mol

Step 4: Convert the moles of Cu(OH)2 to grams.
Mass of Cu(OH)2 = moles of Cu(OH)2 * molar mass of Cu(OH)2
Mass of Cu(OH)2 = 0.00393 mol * 97.56 g/mol (molar mass of Cu(OH)2)
Mass of Cu(OH)2 = 0.383 g

Therefore, approximately 0.383 grams of Cu(OH)2 can be produced.

Since the moles of Cu(OH)2 produced (0.00393 mol) is based on the number of moles of Cu (0.00787 mol) and is lower compared to the moles of NaOH (0.090 mol), the limiting reagent is Cu.