The United States has two court systems, state and federal. The federal system

a. has discretionary jurisdiction over all cases arising in the state system.

c. is the only one based on the constitutional doctrine of the separation of powers.

e. None of these answers is correct.

Which one is right?

It must be c.

Both State and Fed system practice the separation of powers . Since the government and the state gov is federalist.

The correct answer is e. None of these answers is correct.

The federal court system does not have discretionary jurisdiction over all cases arising in the state system. Instead, it has limited jurisdiction over specific types of cases, such as those involving federal laws or constitutional issues.

The federal court system is not the only one based on the constitutional doctrine of the separation of powers. Both the state and federal court systems are based on this doctrine, as it is a fundamental principle of the U.S. Constitution that divides power among the different branches of government.

Therefore, option e. None of these answers is correct.

The correct answer is e. None of these answers is correct.

Explanation:
The statement in option a is incorrect. The federal system does not have discretionary jurisdiction over all cases arising in the state system. The federal courts have limited jurisdiction and generally only hear cases that involve federal laws, constitutional matters, or disputes between parties from different states (diversity jurisdiction), among other specific circumstances.

The statement in option c is also incorrect. Both the state and federal court systems in the United States are based on the constitutional doctrine of the separation of powers. This doctrine establishes the division of power among the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) to ensure a system of checks and balances.

Therefore, as none of the given options is correct, the correct answer is e. None of these answers is correct.