The Managing Director of a well-known company on Wall Street thrives on a diet of fruit jam, bread, pasta, and coffee. She exercises intermittently. One day she decides to go to her primary healthcare provider for a routine checkup. The healthcare provider recommends that she take the Benedict's test. Assume that the glucose levels of the patient are high.
• State the results that the test would indicate (specify the color of the solution).
• State the composition and the properties of the ketohexose derived from fruit jam.
• Describe the manner in which ketohexose acts as a reducing sugar in the test.
she had sugar (unknwn sugar, but assume sucrose, dextrose, and fructose mix), and she had starches. What does the Benedect test test for?
the ketohexose in Jam? Your teacher probably wants you to recognize fructose is in berries.
the last question is for you to research.
so would this be my answer?
*** State the results that the test would indicate (specify the color of the solution). ***
Well, Benedict's test detects reducing sugars (such as glucose). Benedict's reagent contains blue copper ions (Cu2+) which are reduced to copper (Cu+) in the presence of reducing sugars. These are precipitated as red copper (I) oxide which is insoluble in water.
The color of the solution would be red.
*** State the composition and the properties of the ketohexose derived from fruit jam. ***
A ketohexose is a ketone-containing hexose (a six-carbon monosaccharide). In other words, it is a monosaccharide which has a 6 carbon backbone with a ketone group on C2.
Since they have three chiral centers, 8 (2^3 =8) different stereoisomers are possible.
*** Describe the manner in which ketohexose acts as a reducing sugar in the test. ***
When the hemi-acetal or ketal hydroxyl group is free, i.e. it is not locked, not linked to another (sugar) molecule, the aldehyde (or keto-) form (i.e. the chain-form) is available for reducing copper (II) ions. When a sugar is oxidized, its carbonyl group (i.e. aldehyde or ketone group) is converted to a carboxyl group.
1. The Benedict's test is used to detect the presence of reducing sugars, such as glucose, in a solution. If the glucose levels of the patient are high, the results of the test would indicate a positive reaction, which is typically represented by a color change.
In the Benedict's test, a blue solution containing copper sulfate is mixed with the patient's sample. If reducing sugars like glucose are present, they react with the copper ions in the solution, leading to the formation of a red-orange precipitate. The intensity of the color change indicates the concentration of reducing sugars present in the sample.
2. Fruit jam contains fructose, which is a ketohexose. Fructose is a monosaccharide with a six-carbon backbone and a ketone functional group. It is commonly found in fruits and is sweeter than glucose.
Chemically, fructose is composed of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms. Its molecular formula is C6H12O6. Due to its ketone structure, it is classified as a ketohexose.
3. In the Benedict's test, the ketohexose (in this case, fructose) acts as a reducing sugar because it can donate electrons to another chemical species. Ketohexoses possess a carbonyl functional group (a ketone group) that can react with the copper ions in the Benedict's reagent. This reaction converts the ketone group to an aldehyde group, forming a new compound.
When the fructose in the patient's sample reacts with the copper ions in the Benedict's reagent, it reduces the copper(II) ions (Cu2+) to copper(I) oxide (Cu2O). The reduction process leads to the formation of a red-orange precipitate, which indicates the presence of reducing sugars like fructose (in fruit jam) or glucose. The degree of color change can be used to estimate the concentration of reducing sugars in the sample.
To answer your questions:
1. The Benedict's test is used to detect the presence of reducing sugars, such as glucose, in a solution. If the glucose levels of the patient are high, it suggests that there is an excess of glucose in their system. When the Benedict's reagent is mixed with a solution containing reducing sugars and heated, it undergoes a redox reaction. If the glucose levels are high, it will result in a color change indicating a positive result. The color of the solution can vary, depending on the amount of reducing sugar present. It usually ranges from green (low concentration) to brick-red (high concentration).
2. Ketohexose is a type of sugar derived from fruit jam. It is a monosaccharide that possesses both a ketone functional group and six carbon atoms. Fructose is an example of a ketohexose, which is commonly found in fruit jam. It has the chemical formula C6H12O6 and a cyclic structure. Fructose is a sweet-tasting sugar that is commonly found in fruits and is often used as a sweetener in processed foods.
3. In the Benedict's test, ketohexose (such as fructose) acts as a reducing sugar due to the presence of the carbonyl group (ketone group) in its chemical structure. When the reducing sugar is heated in the presence of the Benedict's reagent (which contains copper sulfate), a redox reaction occurs. The copper ions in the Benedict's reagent are reduced by the ketohexose, causing them to turn from blue to brick-red. This color change indicates the presence of a reducing sugar, like fructose, in the solution. The ability of ketohexose to act as a reducing agent is due to the fact that the carbonyl group can be oxidized, resulting in the reduction of the copper ions in the Benedict's reagent.