These are true and false questions and I want to make sure that I got them right.
1. A water molecule is held together by two single polar covalent bonds. False
2. Because oxygen has a greater electronegativity than hydrogen, water molecules are polar with two partial negative charges near the oxygen atom and one partial positive charge near each hydrogen atom. False
3. Atoms differ in their affinity for neutrons, a property called electronegativity. False
4. In general, electronegativity increases from left to right across each row of the periodic table and also increases down each column. False
5. In a nonpolar covalent bond there is an equal sharing of electrons between two atoms while polar covalent bonds involve an unequal sharing of electrons. True
6. A single molecule of oxygen (O2) is held together by two double nonpolar covalent bonds. True
7. A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. True
8. Polar molecules are electrically neutral but the distribution of charge within the molecule is not uniform. True
9. Although C and H differ slightly in electronegativity, this small difference is negligible, and C–H bonds are considered polar. False
10. Of the 4 most common elements found in living organisms, nitrogen has the highest electronegativity and, therefore, the greatest affinity for electrons. False
11. A slightly positive hydrogen atom on one water molecule can attract the slightly negative oxygen atom on a different water molecule, leading to the formation of a hydrogen bond. False
Please check this.
1, 2, 6, 11 are wrong answers !!
To check if the statements are true or false, we can refer to the concepts of polar covalent bonds, electronegativity, and hydrogen bonding.
1. A water molecule is held together by two single polar covalent bonds. False
This statement is false. A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The oxygen and hydrogen atoms are held together by single polar covalent bonds. So, a water molecule is held together by two single polar covalent bonds.
2. Because oxygen has a greater electronegativity than hydrogen, water molecules are polar with two partial negative charges near the oxygen atom and one partial positive charge near each hydrogen atom. False
This statement is false. Oxygen indeed has a greater electronegativity than hydrogen, which means oxygen attracts electrons more strongly. This polar covalent bonding creates a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms. So, water molecules are polar with two partial negative charges near the oxygen atom and one partial positive charge near each hydrogen atom.
3. Atoms differ in their affinity for neutrons, a property called electronegativity. False
This statement is false. Electronegativity is not related to affinity for neutrons but rather to the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a covalent bond.
4. In general, electronegativity increases from left to right across each row of the periodic table and also increases down each column. False
This statement is false. Electronegativity generally increases from left to right across each row, but it usually decreases down each column of the periodic table.
5. In a nonpolar covalent bond there is an equal sharing of electrons between two atoms, while polar covalent bonds involve an unequal sharing of electrons. True
This statement is true. In a nonpolar covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally between the atoms, resulting in an equal distribution of charge. In a polar covalent bond, there is an unequal sharing of electrons, leading to a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other.
6. A single molecule of oxygen (O2) is held together by two double nonpolar covalent bonds. True
This statement is true. A molecule of oxygen (O2) consists of two oxygen atoms that form a double nonpolar covalent bond. Each oxygen atom shares two pairs of electrons with the other oxygen atom, resulting in a stable molecule.
7. A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. True
This statement is true. A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, creating a stable bond.
8. Polar molecules are electrically neutral, but the distribution of charge within the molecule is not uniform. True
This statement is true. Polar molecules have a non-uniform distribution of charge because of the unequal sharing of electrons between atoms. However, the overall molecule remains electrically neutral.
9. Although C and H differ slightly in electronegativity, this small difference is negligible, and C-H bonds are considered polar. False
This statement is false. While carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) do differ slightly in electronegativity, the difference is considered small. Therefore, C-H bonds are generally considered nonpolar.
10. Of the 4 most common elements found in living organisms, nitrogen has the highest electronegativity and, therefore, the greatest affinity for electrons. False
This statement is false. Nitrogen (N) does not have the highest electronegativity among the four most common elements found in living organisms (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen). Oxygen (O) has a higher electronegativity than nitrogen.
11. A slightly positive hydrogen atom on one water molecule can attract the slightly negative oxygen atom on a different water molecule, leading to the formation of a hydrogen bond. False
This statement is false. A slightly positive hydrogen atom on one water molecule can indeed attract the slightly negative oxygen atom on a different water molecule. This attraction is known as a hydrogen bond, and it plays a vital role in the properties of water and its ability to form associations with other molecules.