How much is the rate of seismic wave energy with distance?
Read widely. Take good notes.
Seimic Waves and Earth's Interior
http://eqseis.geosc.psu.edu/~cammon/HTML/Classes/IntroQuakes/Notes/waves_and_interior.html
At farther distances the amplitude of the seismic waves decreases as the energy released by the earthquake spreads throughout a larger volume of Earth. ...
Virtual Earthquake - An Introduction
http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/VQuakeExecute.html
Earthquakes occur because of a sudden release of stored energy. ... Strong seismic waves can cause great local damage and they can travel large distances. ... A seismic wave is simply a means of transferring energy from one spot to another ...
Seismic Techniques
http://www.geophysics.co.uk/mets3.html
Seismic energy is provided by a source ('shot') located on the surface. ... Beyond a certain distance from the shot point, known as the cross-over distance, .... The continuous surface-wave method utilises a specific type of seismic wave, known ...
Measuring the Size of an Earthquake
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/topics/measure.php
Oct 27, 2009 – The only limiting factor is how long the seismic waves take to travel from the epicenter to the ... His basic idea was quite simple: by knowing the distance from a ... effects of an earthquake: seismic moment and radiated energy. ...
The rate of seismic wave energy with distance can be estimated using the inverse square law. According to this law, the energy of seismic waves decreases with the square of the increase in distance from the earthquake source.
To calculate the rate of seismic wave energy at different distances, you would need the following information:
1. Magnitude of the earthquake: The magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of the energy released during the event. It is typically determined using seismic data. The magnitude value, such as the Richter Scale, indicates the total energy released by the earthquake.
2. Epicenter distance: The distance from the earthquake source to a specific location, called the epicenter distance, is crucial in determining the rate of seismic wave energy. It is usually measured in kilometers or miles.
Once you have these two pieces of information, you can use the following formula to estimate the rate of seismic wave energy:
E = 10^(0.5 * (M - log10(d) - 2.92))
Where:
- E represents the rate of seismic wave energy at the given distance.
- M is the earthquake magnitude.
- d is the epicenter distance in kilometers.
Plugging in the values, you can calculate the rate of seismic wave energy at different distances from the earthquake source. Remember, as the distance increases, the rate of seismic wave energy decreases exponentially due to the inverse square law.