The scientist stated her hypothesis, set up a controlled experiment, and isolated the variable that could affect her work.
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I had a hypothesis about ice pops. so I put 1 in the freezer, and 1 in the sun for a controlled experiment. the variable for the ice pop in the sun, was that it melted. the ice pop in the freezer stayed it's original 12 inches
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To understand the relationship between variables, researchers can design a controlled experiment where they formulate a hypothesis and manipulate independent variables to observe their effects on dependent variables.