need help

2. Large central power stations typically have a power output capacity of 1000 MW and convert about 35 percent of the input energy to electricity. Consider such a plant that burns coal with an energy content of 24 MJ/kg.



1. How much coal (tons) is required by this plant per year, assuming it operates continuously?
2. If 10 percent of the coal mass remains as residual ash, how many tons will develop in the ash pile over 30 years?
3. A coal plant will produce 2.13 kg of CO2 for every kg of coal burned. How much CO2 is produced annually by this plant?
4. If 1 ton of SO2 is produced for every 250 tons of coal consumed, how much SO2 is produced in a year?

Sure, I can help you with that. Let's break it down step-by-step:

1. To calculate the amount of coal required per year, we need to know the power output capacity of the plant, the energy conversion efficiency, and the energy content of coal.

Given:
Power output capacity = 1000 MW
Energy conversion efficiency = 35% (or 0.35)
Energy content of coal = 24 MJ/kg

First, convert the power output capacity from megawatts to kilowatts:
1 MW = 1000 kW

1000 MW = 1000 x 1000 kW = 1,000,000 kW

Now, calculate the energy required per year:
Energy required per year (in MJ) = Power output capacity (kW) x Energy conversion efficiency (decimal form) x time (in hours per year)

Assuming the plant operates continuously, there are 8760 hours in a year:

Energy required per year (in MJ) = 1,000,000 kW x 0.35 x 8760 hours

2. To calculate the amount of coal required per year, we need to know the energy content of coal.

Given:
Energy content of coal = 24 MJ/kg

Now, divide the energy required per year by the energy content of coal to find the amount of coal required:

Amount of coal required per year (in kg) = Energy required per year (in MJ) / Energy content of coal (in MJ/kg)

To convert the result from kilograms to tons:
1 ton = 1000 kg

Amount of coal required per year (in tons) = Amount of coal required per year (in kg) / 1000

2. To calculate the amount of ash that will develop over 30 years, assuming 10% of the coal mass remains as residual ash, we need to consider the amount of coal being consumed each year.

We already calculated the amount of coal required per year in question 1. Now, we can calculate the total amount of coal consumed in 30 years:

Total amount of coal consumed in 30 years (in tons) = Amount of coal required per year (in tons) x 30

The amount of ash generated can be calculated as 10% of the total coal consumed in 30 years:

Amount of ash generated in 30 years (in tons) = Total amount of coal consumed in 30 years (in tons) x 10% (or 0.10)

3. To calculate the amount of CO2 produced annually by the plant, we need to know the CO2 emission factor.

Given:
CO2 emission factor = 2.13 kg CO2/kg coal

Multiply the amount of coal required per year by the CO2 emission factor:

CO2 produced annually (in kg) = Amount of coal required per year (in tons) x 1000 kg/ton x CO2 emission factor (in kg CO2/kg coal)

To convert the result from kilograms to metric tons:
1 metric ton = 1000 kg

CO2 produced annually (in metric tons) = CO2 produced annually (in kg) / 1000

4. To calculate the amount of SO2 produced in a year, we need to know the SO2 emission factor.

Given:
SO2 emission factor = 1 ton SO2 / 250 tons coal

Multiply the amount of coal required per year by the SO2 emission factor:

SO2 produced annually (in tons) = Amount of coal required per year (in tons) x SO2 emission factor

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.

To answer these questions, we need to make some calculations based on the given information. Let's go through each question step by step:

1. How much coal (tons) is required by this plant per year, assuming it operates continuously?

To determine the amount of coal required per year, we need to calculate the total energy generated by the power plant annually, taking into account the energy conversion efficiency.

Given:
- Power output capacity of the plant: 1000 MW
- Conversion efficiency: 35%
- Energy content of coal: 24 MJ/kg

First, we need to convert the power output capacity from MW to MJ/year:
1000 MW = 1000 * 10^6 W (since 1 MW = 10^6 W)
1000 * 10^6 W * 1 year = 1000 * 10^6 W * (365 days/year) * (24 hours/day) * (3600 seconds/hour)
= 1000 * 10^6 W * 365 * 24 * 3600 J/year

Next, we need to calculate the total energy generated, taking into account the conversion efficiency:
Total energy generated = Power output capacity * Conversion efficiency
= (1000 * 10^6 W * 365 * 24 * 3600 J/year) * (0.35)

To convert the energy to coal consumption, we divide the total energy by the energy content of coal:
Coal consumption per year = Total energy generated / Energy content of coal

Finally, we convert the coal consumption from joules to tons:
Coal consumption per year (in tons) = (Coal consumption per year / 10^6 J/kg) / 1000 kg/ton

Now you can plug in the values and perform the calculations to find the answer to the first question.

2. If 10% of the coal mass remains as residual ash, how many tons will develop in the ash pile over 30 years?

To calculate the amount of ash produced over 30 years, we need to know the yearly coal consumption (which we calculated in the answer to the first question) and then apply a 10% ash retention rate:

Ash produced per year = Coal consumption per year * 0.1 (10% retention rate)
Ash produced over 30 years = Ash produced per year * 30

Substitute the values calculated in the first question to find the answer to the second question.

3. A coal plant will produce 2.13 kg of CO2 for every kg of coal burned. How much CO2 is produced annually by this plant?

To find the annual CO2 production, we multiply the coal consumption per year (calculated in the first question) by the CO2 production rate:

CO2 produced per year = Coal consumption per year * CO2 production rate

Substitute the values calculated in the first question to calculate the carbon dioxide produced annually.

4. If 1 ton of SO2 is produced for every 250 tons of coal consumed, how much SO2 is produced in a year?

Similar to the previous question, we can find the yearly SO2 production by multiplying the coal consumption per year (from the first question) by the SO2 production rate:

SO2 produced per year = Coal consumption per year / 250

Again, substitute the values calculated in the first question to determine the SO2 production in a year.

By following these steps and performing the necessary calculations, you can find the answers to each of the given questions.