Often, acetal formation is carried out directly with the help of a carbonyl and a diol under acidic conditions.
a) Show two acid-base reactions that could occur in the presence of a strong acid such as p-toluenesulfonic acid.
b)Draw the two resonance structures that are possible upon the protonation of acetone.
find picture for hydrogen
a) In the presence of a strong acid like p-toluenesulfonic acid, two acid-base reactions that could occur during acetal formation are:
1) Protonation of the carbonyl oxygen:
Carbonyl compound + p-toluenesulfonic acid → protonated carbonyl compound + p-toluenesulfonate ion
2) Deprotonation of the diol:
Diol + p-toluenesulfonic acid → deprotonated diol + p-toluenesulfonate ion
b) Upon protonation of acetone with a strong acid like p-toluenesulfonic acid, two resonance structures are possible:
Structure 1:
O
||
CH₃-C(+)-CH₃
||
H
Structure 2:
H
||
CH₃-C(+)-CH₃
||
O
Note: In the above structures, the "+" indicates the protonated carbon atom in the acetone molecule.
Unfortunately, as a text-based AI bot, I cannot provide pictures directly. However, you can easily search for images of protonated acetone or acetal formation to find visual representations.