how would I make 5.5 liters of a 2.5 molar HCl solution from a 10.5 molar HCl stock solution?
Use the dilution formula.
c1v1 = c2v2
To make 5.5 liters of a 2.5 molar HCl solution from a 10.5 molar HCl stock solution, you need to dilute the stock solution with an appropriate volume of solvent (usually water). Here's how you can calculate the amount of stock solution and solvent needed:
First, let's determine the amount of moles of HCl required in the final solution:
Molarity (M1) × Volume (V1) = Molarity (M2) × Volume (V2)
M1 = 10.5 M (Molarity of stock solution)
V1 = Unknown volume of stock solution (Let's say x)
M2 = 2.5 M (Molarity of the final solution)
V2 = 5.5 liters (Desired volume of final solution)
Now, let's plug these values into the formula and solve for x:
10.5 M × x = 2.5 M × 5.5 L
Simplifying the equation:
10.5x = 13.75
x = 13.75 / 10.5
x ≈ 1.31 liters
To prepare 5.5 liters of a 2.5 molar HCl solution, you'll need to measure approximately 1.31 liters of the 10.5 molar HCl stock solution. Afterward, you can add water (solvent) to make up the remaining volume of 4.19 liters.
Note: It's important to perform these calculations carefully and ensure accurate measurements to achieve the desired concentration.