Indicate the effect of the hormone on the response (increase, decrease, no effect)?
1.__________________ effect of secretion of insulin on blood glucose levels
2.__________________ effect of secretion of ADH on blood pressure
3.__________________ effect of secretion of epinephrine on blood glucose levels
4.__________________ effect of secretion of thyroid hormone on lipid metabolism
5.__________________ effect of fasting on glucagon secretion
6.__________________ effect of secretion of growth hormone on the rate of glycolysis in cells
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To indicate the effect of hormones on the given responses, we need to understand the functions and actions of each hormone involved. Here's how you can determine the effects of these hormones:
1. Effect of secretion of insulin on blood glucose levels:
Insulin is released by the pancreas in response to high blood glucose levels. Its primary function is to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells. Therefore, the effect of insulin secretion on blood glucose levels is to decrease them.
2. Effect of secretion of ADH (Antidiuretic hormone) on blood pressure:
ADH is released by the pituitary gland to regulate water balance in the body. When ADH levels increase, it causes blood vessels to constrict, increasing blood pressure. Therefore, the effect of ADH secretion on blood pressure is an increase.
3. Effect of secretion of epinephrine (adrenaline) on blood glucose levels:
Epinephrine is released by the adrenal glands in response to stress or excitement. It stimulates the release of glucose from the liver, increasing blood glucose levels for a quick burst of energy. Thus, the effect of epinephrine secretion on blood glucose levels is to increase them.
4. Effect of secretion of thyroid hormone on lipid metabolism:
Thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are produced by the thyroid gland and regulate metabolic rate. These hormones have a stimulatory effect on the breakdown of lipids (fat) for energy. Therefore, the effect of thyroid hormone secretion on lipid metabolism is to increase it.
5. Effect of fasting on glucagon secretion:
Glucagon is released by the pancreas when blood glucose levels are low, such as during fasting or prolonged exercise. Its primary role is to increase blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose in the liver. Thus, the effect of fasting on glucagon secretion is to increase it.
6. Effect of secretion of growth hormone on the rate of glycolysis in cells:
Growth hormone (GH) is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a role in cell growth and metabolism. It promotes the breakdown of fats and reduces the uptake of glucose by cells, favoring the use of fatty acids as an energy source. Therefore, the effect of growth hormone secretion on the rate of glycolysis (the breakdown of glucose) in cells is to decrease it.
Remember, understanding the functions and actions of hormones allows you to determine their effects on specific responses.