Hydrochloric acid is sold as a concentrated acqueous solution.

If the molarity of HCl is 12.0 and its density is 1.18 g/ml. calculate
A) MOLALITY
B)THE % BY MASS OF HCl in the solution

I will be happy to critique your thinking.

Please help I think the moles are already given so molality=mol of solute/kgofsolven

so i think 12.0/ I am stuck also

To calculate the molality (A) and the percent by mass of HCl in the solution (B), we will need to use the given information about the molarity and the density of the hydrochloric acid solution.

A) MOLALITY:

Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute divided by the mass of the solvent in kilograms. The formula to calculate molality is:

Molality (m) = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)

In this case, the solute is HCl and the solvent is water.

To calculate the molality, we need to determine the moles of HCl and the mass of water. First, we need to find the moles of HCl from the given concentration:

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution

Rearranging the equation, we can solve for the moles of solute:

moles of solute = Molarity (M) x liters of solution

Given that the molarity (M) of HCl is 12.0, we can calculate the moles of HCl:

moles of HCl = 12.0 mol/L * 1 L = 12.0 mol

Next, we need to calculate the mass of water. To do this, we can use the density of the hydrochloric acid solution:

Density = mass / volume

Rearranging the equation, we can solve for the mass:

mass = Density x volume

Given that the density of the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.18 g/mL, we need to convert this to kg/mL by dividing by 1000:

1.18 g/mL / 1000 = 0.00118 kg/mL

Now, we can calculate the mass of water by subtracting the mass of HCl from the total mass of the solution:

mass of water = volume of solution x density of solution - mass of HCl

Given that the volume of the solution and the mass of HCl are not provided, we cannot proceed with the calculation of the mass of water or the molality.

B) THE % BY MASS OF HCl IN THE SOLUTION:

To calculate the percent by mass of HCl in the solution, we need to divide the mass of HCl by the mass of the solution and multiply by 100:

% by mass of HCl = (mass of HCl / mass of solution) x 100

Since the mass of the solution is not provided, we cannot calculate the percent by mass of HCl.

Daniel, show some work. I am not going to give you the answers.