how is it possible to extract tungsten from woframite?
To extract tungsten from wolframite, a commonly used method is called gravity separation. Here's an explanation of the process:
1. Crushing and Grinding: The wolframite ore is first crushed into small particles and then finely ground using crushers and ball mills. This step increases the surface area of the ore and makes it easier to separate the tungsten from the gangue minerals.
2. Gravity Separation: Wolframite ore has a high specific gravity, which means it is heavier than most of the other minerals present. Gravity separation takes advantage of this property to separate the valuable tungsten from the gangue minerals. Several equipment options are available for gravity separation, such as jigs, shaking tables, and centrifugal concentrators.
- Jigs: Jigs are used to separate minerals based on their density differences. The crushed ore is fed into a jig with water, and the heavy tungsten-rich particles settle to the bottom, while the lighter gangue minerals are washed away.
- Shaking Tables: Shaking tables also utilize differences in density to separate minerals. The ore is fed onto a shaking table that vibrates horizontally. The heavier tungsten particles move towards the "concentrate" side of the table, while the lighter gangue minerals are washed away.
- Centrifugal Concentrators: Centrifugal concentrators use centrifugal force to separate minerals. The pulp containing the wolframite ore is spun rapidly, creating a high centrifugal force. This force causes the heavier tungsten particles to move towards the walls of the concentrator, where they are collected, while the lighter gangue minerals are discharged.
3. Drying and Smelting: Once the tungsten-rich concentrate is obtained through gravity separation, it is dried and then further processed through smelting. The smelting process involves heating the concentrate in a furnace with carbon or hydrogen to reduce the tungsten oxide to metallic tungsten.
It is important to note that the specific extraction method may vary depending on the composition, impurities, and characteristics of the wolframite ore. Advanced techniques, such as flotation and magnetic separation, may also be employed for further purification if necessary.
Please keep in mind that tungsten extraction requires specialized knowledge and equipment. If you intend to extract tungsten commercially, it is advised to consult experts and comply with relevant regulations and safety guidelines.