Which of the following is correct according to Rutherford's atom model?
Choose one answer.
a. Atomic spectra should be line spectra.
b. Electrons do not radiate while revolving in an orbit.
c. Atomic spectra should be continuous spectra.
d. Electrons are embedded in a positively charged sphere.
To determine the correct answer according to Rutherford's atom model, we need to understand the principles of his model and then assess which statement aligns with those principles.
Rutherford's atom model, also known as the planetary model, describes the atom as a small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons. The model suggests that most of the atom's mass is concentrated in the nucleus, while the electrons occupy the space around it.
Now let's evaluate each given statement:
a. Atomic spectra should be line spectra: This statement matches Rutherford's model accurately. According to his model, electrons revolve in specific orbits around the nucleus, and when they transition between these orbits, they emit or absorb energy in discrete amounts. This process results in the emission or absorption of specific wavelengths of light, producing line spectra.
b. Electrons do not radiate while revolving in an orbit: This statement contradicts Rutherford's model. According to his model, electrons do radiate energy while orbiting the nucleus, precisely while transitioning between orbits. This radiation loss and gain of energy is responsible for the spectral lines seen in the atomic spectra.
c. Atomic spectra should be continuous spectra: This statement does not align with Rutherford's model. Continuous spectra refer to a broad range of colors or wavelengths, without distinct lines. Rutherford's model suggests that atomic spectra should be line spectra due to the discrete energy levels of the electrons.
d. Electrons are embedded in a positively charged sphere: This statement accurately represents Rutherford's model. Rutherford proposed that electrons revolve around a small, positively charged nucleus in his atom model.
Therefore, based on Rutherford's atom model, the correct answer is:
a. Atomic spectra should be line spectra.