Select a variable (mean or proportion) to determine if there is a difference in the two groups. Samples must be independent. Select a sample of data values (20 to 50) for each group. Then address the following (and a little more) in your project.
a. Write a brief statement of the purpose of the study.
b. Define the population.
c. State how the sample was selected.
d. State the hypotheses for the study.
e. Show the raw data.
f. Use Megastat or other technology to test the hypotheses.
g. State the decision based on the P-value..
h. Summarize the results.
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a. The purpose of the study is to determine if there is a difference in a certain variable (mean or proportion) between two groups.
b. The population refers to the entire group or set of individuals or items that we want to make inferences about. In this study, the population would be the larger group from which the two samples were selected.
c. The sample was selected by randomly choosing a subset of individuals or items from the population. It is important to ensure that the samples are independent, meaning that the selection of individuals for one group does not depend on the selection for the other group.
d. The hypotheses for the study are statements about the population that we want to test. For example, if we are comparing the means of two groups, the null hypothesis (H0) would state that there is no difference between the means, while the alternative hypothesis (Ha) would state that there is a difference between the means.
e. The raw data should include the observed values for the variable of interest in each group. For example, for a study comparing the means of two groups, the raw data would include the values of the variable for each individual in both groups.
f. To test the hypotheses, statistical software or technology like Megastat can be used. You would input the raw data into the software and specify the type of test (e.g., t-test or proportion test) and the significance level. The software will then calculate the test statistics and p-value.
g. The decision based on the p-value depends on the predetermined significance level (e.g., 0.05). If the p-value is less than the significance level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is evidence of a difference between the groups. If the p-value is greater than or equal to the significance level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is not enough evidence to suggest a difference between the groups.
h. The results should be summarized by stating the conclusions based on the statistical analysis. This would include mentioning whether the null hypothesis was rejected or failed to be rejected, and if there is evidence of a difference between the groups. The summary should also include any additional relevant findings or observations from the analysis.