Imagine that there are two cohorts of 100 patients each. One group got the flu vaccine and other group did not.
Outcomes
Vaccine Group Outcomes = 90 patients without the flu
No-Vaccine Group Outcomes = 50 without the flu
Costs
Vaccine Group Costs = $100 per vaccination; $200 healthcare costs per case of flu
No-Vaccine Group Cost = $200 health care costs per case of flu
Calculate the average cost of the alternative vaccine.
I said $120
Calculate the average cost of the alternative no-vaccine:
I said $100
According to the results of the evaluation, the average cost of vaccine is higher than the average cost of no-vaccine.
I said true
Estimate the cost-effectiveness ratio (C/E) of the alternative vaccine:
I don't know how to do this??
a. $40
b. $200
c. $400
d. None of the above
Estimate the cost-effectiveness ratio (C/E) of the alternative no-vaccine:
I don't know this one either
a. $40
b. $200
c. $400
d. None of the above
Estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness of no-vaccine vs. vaccine
a. $50
b. $300
c. $700
d. None of the above
According to the results of the evaluation we can affirm that the no-vaccine alternative would save money in comparison with the vaccine alternative:
Question 7 answers
a. True
b. False
According to the results of the evaluation we can affirm that the vaccine alternative would save money in comparison with the no-vaccine alternative:
a. True
b. False
According to the results of the evaluation we can affirm that the vaccine alternative has better outcomes:
a. True
b. False
Given the information available in this evaluation, if the cost of vaccine and no-vaccine were the same, the cost-effectiveness of both alternatives would be the same:
Question 10 answers
a. True
b. False
To calculate the average cost of the alternative vaccine, we need to sum up the total costs and divide by the number of patients.
For the vaccine group:
Total costs = (Number of patients without the flu * healthcare costs per case of flu) + (Number of patients * cost per vaccination)
Total costs = (90 * $200) + (100 * $100) = $18,000 + $10,000 = $28,000
Average cost of alternative vaccine = Total costs / Number of patients = $28,000 / 100 = $280
Therefore, the average cost of the alternative vaccine is $280.
To calculate the average cost of the alternative no-vaccine, we follow the same steps:
For the no-vaccine group:
Total costs = (Number of patients without the flu * healthcare costs per case of flu)
Total costs = 50 * $200 = $10,000
Average cost of alternative no-vaccine = Total costs / Number of patients = $10,000 / 100 = $100
Therefore, the average cost of the alternative no-vaccine is $100.
Based on the results of the evaluation, we can see that the average cost of the vaccine ($280) is higher than the average cost of the no-vaccine ($100), which confirms that statement to be true.
To estimate the cost-effectiveness ratio (C/E), we divide the average cost by the number of patients without the flu:
Cost-effectiveness ratio of the alternative vaccine = Average cost of alternative vaccine / Number of patients without the flu
Cost-effectiveness ratio of the alternative vaccine = $280 / 90 = $3.11
Cost-effectiveness ratio of the alternative no-vaccine = Average cost of alternative no-vaccine / Number of patients without the flu
Cost-effectiveness ratio of the alternative no-vaccine = $100 / 50 = $2.00
Therefore, the cost-effectiveness ratio of the alternative vaccine is $3.11 and the cost-effectiveness ratio of the alternative no-vaccine is $2.00.
To estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness of no-vaccine vs. vaccine, we subtract the cost-effectiveness ratio of the vaccine from the cost-effectiveness ratio of the no-vaccine:
Incremental cost-effectiveness of no-vaccine vs. vaccine = Cost-effectiveness ratio of the no-vaccine - Cost-effectiveness ratio of the vaccine
Incremental cost-effectiveness of no-vaccine vs. vaccine = $2.00 - $3.11 = -$1.11
Therefore, the incremental cost-effectiveness of no-vaccine vs. vaccine is -$1.11.
Based on the results of the evaluation, we can affirm that the no-vaccine alternative would save money in comparison with the vaccine alternative (Question 7 answer: True).
We cannot affirm that the vaccine alternative would save money in comparison with the no-vaccine alternative (Question 8 answer: False).
According to the results of the evaluation, we cannot affirm that the vaccine alternative has better outcomes (Question 9 answer: False).
Given the information available in this evaluation, if the cost of vaccine and no-vaccine were the same, the cost-effectiveness of both alternatives would be the same (Question 10 answer: True).