What mass of baking soda (NaHCO3) would be required to neutralize 10.00mL of 12.1M muriatic acid remaining in a empty water bottle?
HCl(aq)+NaHCO3(aq)=>NaCl(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
First you must know how much muriatic acid (HCl) remains in the empty bottle (note: if the bottle is empty there can be no HCl in the bottle.:0). Then follow the steps in this link.
http://www.jiskha.com/science/chemistry/stoichiometry.html
To determine the mass of baking soda required to neutralize the muriatic acid, we need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:
HCl(aq) + NaHCO3(aq) → NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
Step 2: Determine the stoichiometric ratio between HCl and NaHCO3:
From the balanced equation, we can see that the ratio is 1:1. This means that for every 1 mole of HCl, we need 1 mole of NaHCO3.
Step 3: Calculate the number of moles of HCl:
To find the number of moles, we can use the concentration (Molarity) and volume of the acid.
Molarity (M) is expressed as moles of solute per liter of solution. Since we have the volume of the solution in milliliters (mL), we need to convert it to liters before calculating the number of moles.
Given:
Volume of HCl = 10.00 mL = 10.00/1000 L = 0.010 L
Molarity of HCl = 12.1 M
Number of moles of HCl = Molarity × Volume
Number of moles of HCl = 12.1 M × 0.010 L
Step 4: Determine the mass of NaHCO3 needed:
Since the stoichiometric ratio between HCl and NaHCO3 is 1:1, the number of moles of NaHCO3 required is the same as the number of moles of HCl.
Mass of NaHCO3 = Number of moles of NaHCO3 × Molar mass of NaHCO3
The molar mass of NaHCO3 is calculated by summing the atomic masses of its components:
Na: 22.99 g/mol
H: 1.01 g/mol
C: 12.01 g/mol
O: 16.00 g/mol (multiplied by 3 since there are 3 oxygen atoms in the formula)
Molar mass of NaHCO3 = 22.99 g/mol + 1.01 g/mol + 12.01 g/mol + (16.00 g/mol × 3)
Step 5: Plug in the values and calculate:
Mass of NaHCO3 = (Number of moles of HCl) × (Molar mass of NaHCO3)
Now, you can substitute the values to calculate the mass of NaHCO3 needed to neutralize the muriatic acid.