If 15g of Sodium Hydroxide are treated with sulphuric acid to produce sodium sulphate, how many grams of sulphuric acid are required. write the balance equation for this reaction and calculate the quantity of sulphuric acid.
2NaOH + H2SO4 ==> 2H2O + Na2SO4
Here is a worked example. Just follow the steps.
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To determine the quantity of sulphuric acid required, we first need to write the balanced equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and sulphuric acid. The balanced equation is as follows:
2 NaOH + H₂SO₄ -> Na₂SO₄ + 2 H₂O
According to the equation, 2 moles of sodium hydroxide reacts with 1 mole of sulphuric acid to produce 1 mole of sodium sulphate and 2 moles of water.
Now, let's calculate the quantity of sulphuric acid required.
Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH):
Molar mass of NaOH = atomic mass of Na + atomic mass of O + atomic mass of H
Molar mass of NaOH = (22.99 g/mol) + (16.00 g/mol) + (1.01 g/mol)
Molar mass of NaOH = 39.00 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide:
Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass
Number of moles = 15 g / 39.00 g/mol
Number of moles = 0.3846 mol (rounded to four decimal places)
Step 3: Using the stoichiometry of the reaction, determine the number of moles of sulphuric acid required.
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of NaOH react with 1 mole of H₂SO₄.
Therefore, the number of moles of H₂SO₄ required is half of the number of moles of NaOH.
Number of moles of H₂SO₄ = 0.3846 mol / 2
Number of moles of H₂SO₄ = 0.1923 mol (rounded to four decimal places)
Step 4: Calculate the mass of sulphuric acid required.
Mass = Number of moles * Molar mass
Mass = 0.1923 mol * (98.09 g/mol) (molar mass of H₂SO₄)
Mass = 18.88 g (rounded to two decimal places)
Therefore, approximately 18.88 grams of sulphuric acid are required to react with 15 grams of sodium hydroxide to produce sodium sulphate.