Give the molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations for the reaction of sulfuric acid and barium hydroxide.
To determine the molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations for the reaction of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2), we need to first write the balanced chemical equation.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
H2SO4 + 2Ba(OH)2 -> BaSO4 + 2H2O
Now, let's break down the equation into the molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic forms:
1. Molecular Equation:
The molecular equation represents the overall reaction without dissociating any of the compounds into their individual ions. It is the equation we just wrote above:
H2SO4 + 2Ba(OH)2 -> BaSO4 + 2H2O
2. Complete Ionic Equation:
The complete ionic equation represents the reaction with all of the ions presented as separate entities. To write the complete ionic equation, we need to break down the compounds into their component ions:
H2SO4 (aq) + 2Ba(OH)2 (aq) -> BaSO4 (s) + 2H2O (l)
In the complete ionic equation, the sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) are shown as their respective ions:
2H+ (aq) + SO4^2- (aq) + 2Ba^2+ (aq) + 4OH- (aq) -> BaSO4 (s) + 2H2O (l)
Note that since barium sulfate (BaSO4) is insoluble, it is represented as a solid (s) in the equation.
3. Net Ionic Equation:
The net ionic equation focuses on the essential reactants and products and excludes spectator ions, which are present on both sides of the equation and do not participate in the reaction. In this case, the spectator ions are Ba^2+ and OH-.
The net ionic equation is obtained by removing the spectator ions from the complete ionic equation:
2H+ (aq) + SO4^2- (aq) -> BaSO4 (s) + 2H2O (l)
Therefore, the net ionic equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid and barium hydroxide is:
2H+ (aq) + SO4^2- (aq) -> BaSO4 (s) + 2H2O (l)
Please note that the state symbols "(aq)" indicate substances dissolved in water, "(s)" indicates a solid, and "(l)" indicates a liquid.