What is 12 base 5? Would you just divide 12 by five and get 2 (but then what about the remainder)

If you are refering to logs, 12 base 5 means log of 12 to the base 5. Call it x.
5^x = 12.
x = log 12/log 5 (any log base can be used)
x = 1.07918/0.69897 = 1.54396

If "5" is refering to the base of a counting systems, and you can write only single-digit numbers 0,1,2,3, 4, then 12 (in the tens-based terminology that we use) is two 5's (5^1) and 2 ones (5^0), and would be written 22.

I'm looking for help with these maths problems

To clarify, when you say "12 base 5," are you asking for the number 12 expressed in base 5 notation, or are you referring to logarithms with a base of 5?

If you are asking for the number 12 expressed in base 5 notation, here's how you can calculate it:

To convert a number from base 10 (the decimal system) to another base, you divide the number by the base repeatedly, noting the remainders at each step, until the quotient is 0. To express the number in the new base, you start from the bottom and write the remainders in reverse order.

In base 5, we have the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. To convert 12 to base 5, you would perform the following steps:

- Divide 12 by 5: 12 ÷ 5 = 2 remainder 2
- Divide the quotient (2) by 5: 2 ÷ 5 = 0 remainder 2

Since the quotient is now 0, we stop here. In base 5, the number 12 would be written as 22. The remainder 2 from the first division becomes the least significant digit, and the remainder 2 from the second division becomes the most significant digit.

However, if you meant 12 logarithm base 5, then you would use logarithms to find the answer. You can calculate the logarithm of 12 to the base 5 by dividing the logarithm of 12 by the logarithm of 5.