what were the challenges farmers on the plains and what inventions and government aid helped them during the 1800's
The challenges faced by farmers on the plains during the 1800s revolved around the harsh and unpredictable environment, including extreme weather conditions, lack of water, and the presence of pests. Additionally, the isolation and distance from established markets and infrastructure posed significant obstacles.
Inventions played a crucial role in helping farmers tackle these challenges. One significant invention was the steel plow, which was introduced by John Deere in the 1830s. It revolutionized farming on the plains by enabling farmers to break through the tough prairie sod. The steel plow made plowing easier and more efficient, thus increasing agricultural production.
Another vital invention was the windmill. With the introduction of windmills, the issue of water scarcity was addressed. Windmills allowed farmers to draw water from underground wells, providing a reliable and constant source of water for irrigation and livestock.
In terms of government aid, the Homestead Act of 1862 played a significant role in assisting farmers on the plains. This act provided 160 acres of land to settlers who were willing to cultivate it for five years. It encouraged people to move to the plains and start farming, ultimately leading to the expansion of agriculture in the region.
Furthermore, the passage of the Morrill Act in 1862 established land-grant colleges, which aimed to provide practical education in agriculture and technical skills. These institutions played a crucial role in disseminating knowledge and research findings to farmers, helping them improve their farming techniques and practices.
Overall, the inventions of the steel plow and windmill, combined with government aid through the Homestead Act and the establishment of land-grant colleges, significantly contributed to mitigating the challenges faced by farmers on the plains during the 1800s.