____ 14. Adding a charged particle common to two solutes decreases solute concentration. This observation
demonstrates
a. the common-ion effect. c. hydrolysis.
b. Le Châtelier's principle. d. buffering.
I'm confused by the question It could be a, b, or d.
its B
The correct answer is a. the common-ion effect.
To understand why the common-ion effect demonstrates this observation, we need to understand the concept of solute concentration and the common-ion effect.
Solute concentration refers to the amount of solute (substance being dissolved) in a given quantity of solvent (medium in which the solute is dissolved). It is usually expressed in terms of molarity, which represents the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solvent.
The common-ion effect occurs when a solution contains a common ion, which is an ion that is present in both the solute and the solvent. When a charged particle that is common to two solutes is added to a solution, it will interact with the solutes and affect their concentration in the solution.
In this case, when a charged particle that is common to two solutes is added to a solution, it will increase the availability of that charged particle in the solution. This increase in concentration of the common ion will disrupt the equilibrium between the solute and the solvent, causing a reduction in the concentration of the solutes.
This observation is a characteristic of the common-ion effect. By increasing the concentration of the common ion, the solutes are less able to dissolve in the solution, resulting in a decrease in their concentration.
Therefore, the correct answer is a. the common-ion effect.