When straight-chain butane reacts with Cl2 in the presence of light, two of the products are the singly chlorinated 1- chlorobutane, and the doubly chlorinated 1,1-dichlorobutane. What are the IUPAC names for the other singly chlorinated isomer, and the other five doubly chlorinated isomers produced in this reaction?
To determine the IUPAC names for the other singly chlorinated isomer and the five doubly chlorinated isomers produced in the reaction between straight-chain butane (C4H10) and Cl2 in the presence of light, we need to understand the possible substitution sites on the butane molecule.
Butane (C4H10) has four carbon atoms, and each carbon atom can potentially undergo substitution with a chlorine atom. Let's label the carbon atoms in butane for reference:
CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3
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The two products mentioned in the question are:
1. 1-chlorobutane: In this compound, the chlorine atom is substituted at the first carbon atom, which is attached to three hydrogen atoms. The IUPAC name for this compound is chloroethane.
2. 1,1-dichlorobutane: In this compound, both the first and second carbon atoms are substituted with chlorine atoms. The IUPAC name for this compound is dichloromethane.
Now, let's identify the other possible singly chlorinated isomer and the five doubly chlorinated isomers using the remaining carbon atoms.
Other singly chlorinated isomer:
3. 2-chlorobutane: In this compound, the chlorine atom is substituted at the second carbon atom. The IUPAC name for this compound is 2-chlorobutane.
Doubly chlorinated isomers:
4. 1,2-dichlorobutane: In this compound, the first and third carbon atoms are substituted with chlorine atoms.
5. 1,3-dichlorobutane: In this compound, the first and fourth carbon atoms are substituted with chlorine atoms.
6. 1,4-dichlorobutane: In this compound, the first and second carbon atoms are substituted with chlorine atoms.
7. 2,3-dichlorobutane: In this compound, the second and third carbon atoms are substituted with chlorine atoms.
8. 2,4-dichlorobutane: In this compound, the second and fourth carbon atoms are substituted with chlorine atoms.
To summarize, the IUPAC names for the other singly chlorinated isomer and the remaining five doubly chlorinated isomers produced in this reaction are:
Singly chlorinated isomer:
3. 2-chlorobutane
Doubly chlorinated isomers:
4. 1,2-dichlorobutane
5. 1,3-dichlorobutane
6. 1,4-dichlorobutane
7. 2,3-dichlorobutane
8. 2,4-dichlorobutane