In the shot put, the shot must land within a 40 degree sector. Consider a coordinate system where the vertex of the sector is at the origen, one side lies along the positive x-axis, and the units are meters. If a throw lands at the point with coordinates (16, 12), how far is it from being out-of-bounds?
tanA = Y/X = 12/16 = 0.75,
A = 36.9Deg.
Margin = 40 - 36.9 = 3.1deg.