Posted by Rachel on Thursday, January 20, 2011 at 3:57pm.
Does anyone know where I can get an image of the valence bond model for maleic acid?
ie. showing the pi and sigma bonds and indicating the hybridization (sp2, sp3.. )
OR could someone describe these things to me?
I'm just trying to check my work and make sure I didn't miss anything
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Chemistry - DrBob222, Thursday, January 20, 2011 at 8:29pm
OH bonds are linear (sp)
O=CH2 are sp2
R2CH2 are sp3.
C=C are sp2
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I'm clear on everything except the 3rd statement:
R2CH2 are sp3.
Could you clarify the R? And where does this bond occur on the molecule? I have it drawn out.. but this isn't popping out at me.
There are no R2CH2 bonds in maleic acid. R stands for something other than a functional group; i.e.,
CH3CH2OH is ethanol but if I want to designate an alcohol in general, I can write RCH2OH. So this could be many many other alcohols (propanol, butanol, pentanol, etc). The R is just a convenient way to write a general formula. I was trying to get at the CH bonds on maleic acid. Those CH bonds are linear. I have searched and can't find an image for you. That doesn't mean there isn't one; I just haven't found it.
COOH
|
C-H
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C-H
|
COOH
Oh! Okay, I'm familiar with R groups on amino acids etc..
The question just asks me to label the hybridization for each carbon and oxygen atom. So here's what I've got:
The carbon atoms bonded to eachother are sp2 hybridized atoms.
The carbon atoms bonded double bonded to the oxygens are sp2 hybridized atoms.
And the oxygen atoms bonded to the carbon and hydrogen are sp hybridized atoms.
The only atoms I'm not sure about are the oxygen atoms double bonded to the carbon atoms.
And I don't have any sp3 hybridized atoms ...?
Can you please critique my work.
The statement "R2CH2 are sp3" is referring to the hybridization of the carbon atoms in the molecule. In organic chemistry, "R" is often used as a placeholder for any organic group or substituent. So, in this context, "R2CH2" refers to a carbon (C) atom with two organic groups (R) attached to it. This could be any two organic groups such as alkyl, aryl, or any other functional group.
In maleic acid, the carbon atom referred to as "R2CH2" is the carbon attached to the carboxylic acid group (-COOH). This carbon atom has two organic groups attached to it. Specifically, it has one hydrogen atom (H) and one methyl group (CH3) attached to it.
To visualize the valence bond model for maleic acid, you can consider the following:
1. The OH bonds are linear (sp): This means that the oxygen-hydrogen (OH) bonds in the carboxylic acid group are formed by overlapping of the oxygen atom's sp hybrid orbital with the hydrogen atom's s orbital.
2. The O=CH2 bonds are sp2: This means that the double bond between the carbon atom (C) and the oxygen atom (O) in the carbonyl group (O=CH2) is formed by the overlap of the carbon atom's sp2 hybrid orbital with the oxygen atom's p orbital.
3. The R2CH2 bond is sp3: This refers to the carbon atom (C) attached to the carboxylic acid group (-COOH), with one hydrogen atom (H) and one methyl group (CH3) attached to it. In this case, the carbon atom is hybridized sp3, meaning it forms its bonds by overlap of its sp3 hybrid orbitals with other atoms.
Unfortunately, I cannot provide images directly, but you can try searching for the valence bond model of maleic acid on search engines or academic databases to find a visual representation that includes the pi and sigma bonds as well as the indicated hybridization of each atom in the molecule. Remember to verify the image with reliable sources to ensure its accuracy.