A container holds a quantity of liquid nitrogen at a temperature of -200 degrees C. Explain how each of the following could be used to warm up the nitrogen.

a)ice cubes
b)hot water bath
c)bubbling room air through the liquid

All these substances contain a lot amount of thermal energy so.... i don't know what to say, i know that its cause of the arrangement of their electrons that they are able to warm up and cool down at different rates, but I don't get how to answer this question. Im only posting the ones which Im having a tough time on, and this one is one of them.

I can help explain how each of the following methods could be used to warm up the liquid nitrogen:

a) Ice cubes: Ice cubes can transfer heat to the liquid nitrogen through a process called conduction. When the ice cubes come into contact with the liquid nitrogen, the heat from the ice cubes will transfer to the nitrogen, causing it to warm up. The heat transfer occurs because the ice cubes are at a higher temperature than the liquid nitrogen (-200°C).

b) Hot water bath: Placing the container of liquid nitrogen in a hot water bath can also warm it up. The heat energy from the hot water will be transferred to the container and subsequently to the liquid nitrogen through conduction. The higher temperature of the water bath compared to the liquid nitrogen causes the heat transfer to occur until both reach the same temperature.

c) Bubbling room air through the liquid: By bubbling room air through the liquid nitrogen, heat can be transferred through convection. As the room air passes over the liquid nitrogen, the temperature difference between the air and the nitrogen causes heat transfer. The air molecules collide with the nitrogen molecules, transferring their energy and raising the temperature of the nitrogen.

It is important to note that all these methods involve the transfer of heat from a higher temperature source (ice cubes, hot water, or room air) to the lower temperature liquid nitrogen to warm it up.

To understand how each of the substances mentioned can warm up the liquid nitrogen, we need to consider the concept of heat transfer. Heat always flows from a warmer object to a cooler object, so in this case, the substances mentioned will transfer their thermal energy to the liquid nitrogen, thereby warming it up.

a) Ice cubes: When ice cubes come into contact with the liquid nitrogen, heat transfer occurs. The ice cubes have a higher temperature than the liquid nitrogen, so heat will flow from the ice cubes to the liquid nitrogen, causing the nitrogen to warm up. The ice cubes will start to melt as they transfer their thermal energy.

b) Hot water bath: Similar to the ice cubes, when the liquid nitrogen comes into contact with a hot water bath, heat transfer occurs in this case as well. The hot water in the bath has a higher temperature than the liquid nitrogen, so heat will flow from the hot water to the liquid nitrogen, warming it up. The water in the bath will gradually lose heat, and its temperature may decrease in the process.

c) Bubbling room air through the liquid: When room air is bubbled through the liquid nitrogen, the molecules in the air collide with the liquid nitrogen molecules. This collision imparts thermal energy to the liquid nitrogen, causing it to warm up. The room air is at a higher temperature than the liquid nitrogen, so the thermal energy from the air is transferred to the nitrogen.

In all three cases, the substances mentioned have a higher temperature than the liquid nitrogen, and therefore, they transfer their thermal energy to the nitrogen, causing it to warm up. It's important to note that the rate at which the liquid nitrogen warms up will depend on various factors, such as the initial temperature difference, the surface area of contact, and the specific heat capacities of the substances involved.