An aqueous mixture containing starch, NaCl, glucose and albumin is placed in a dialyzing bag and immersed in distilled water. Which of the following, correctly describes the location of the indicated substance after dialysis?
A. albumin, inside
B. starch outside
C. albumin inside and outside
D. water inside only
E. starch inside and outside
B. starch outside
To determine the correct answer, we need to understand the process of dialysis and how different substances behave during this process.
Dialysis is a process that involves the separation of different substances in a mixture based on their molecular size. It utilizes a semi-permeable membrane, such as a dialyzing bag, which allows the passage of water and small molecules, while restricting the movement of larger molecules.
In the given mixture, we have starch, NaCl, glucose, and albumin. Starch is a large molecule consisting of multiple glucose units bonded together, while glucose is a smaller molecule composed of a single sugar unit. NaCl is composed of small ions (sodium and chloride), and albumin is a protein.
When the mixture is placed in a dialyzing bag and immersed in distilled water, dialysis will occur.
Considering the molecular sizes of the substances in the mixture:
1. Starch: Since starch is a large molecule, it will be unable to pass through the pores of the dialyzing bag. Hence, it will remain outside the bag.
2. NaCl: NaCl consists of small ions, which are significantly smaller than the pores of the dialyzing bag. Thus, NaCl can easily pass through the membrane.
3. Glucose: Similarly to NaCl, glucose is a smaller molecule and can pass through the dialyzing bag.
4. Albumin: Albumin is a large protein molecule, similar in size to starch. Therefore, it will be unable to pass through the pores and will also remain inside the bag.
Based on this understanding, we can eliminate options A and C since albumin will only be located inside the dialyzing bag. Additionally, we can eliminate option D since water will naturally distribute on both sides of the membrane due to osmosis, and it is not specifically restricted to the inside only.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
E. Starch inside and outside the dialyzing bag
Dialysis is a process that separates different substances based on their molecular size. In this case, the mixture contains starch, NaCl, glucose, and albumin.
The dialyzing bag acts as a semipermeable membrane, allowing smaller molecules like NaCl, glucose, and water to pass through, but preventing larger molecules like starch and albumin from passing through.
When the dialyzing bag is immersed in distilled water, water molecules will move across the membrane from an area of low solute concentration (inside the bag) to an area of high solute concentration (outside the bag).
Based on this information, we can determine the correct location of each substance after dialysis:
A. Albumin: Inside the bag - Albumin is a large protein molecule, which cannot pass through the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzing bag.
B. Starch: Inside the bag - Starch molecules are also large and cannot pass through the membrane.
C. NaCl and glucose: Inside and outside the bag - Both NaCl and glucose molecules are small enough to pass through the dialyzing bag, so they will be present both inside and outside the bag after dialysis.
D. Water: Inside and outside the bag - Water molecules can freely pass through the semipermeable membrane, so they will be present both inside and outside the bag after dialysis.
Based on these explanations, the correct answer is: C. Albumin inside and outside