in Synthesis of para-Methylacetanilide What was the purpose of the sodium acetate solution
In the synthesis of para-Methylacetanilide, the purpose of the sodium acetate solution is to serve as a base catalyst. More specifically, it helps in facilitating the reaction between para-nitroacetanilide and dimethyl sulfate by promoting the conversion of the nitro group (-NO2) to an amino group (-NH2).
Here's a step-by-step breakdown of the reaction:
1. Initially, para-nitroacetanilide, which contains a nitro group (-NO2), is mixed with sodium acetate solution. The sodium acetate dissociates in water to release sodium ions (Na+) and acetate ions (CH3COO-).
2. The acetate ions in the solution act as a base catalyst by accepting a proton (H+) from the acidic nitro group. This results in the deprotonation of the nitro group, converting it to a nitroso (-NO) intermediate.
3. The nitroso intermediate then reacts with the dimethyl sulfate to form a new compound, para-nitrosoacetanilide. This compound still contains the nitroso group (-NO), which is eventually converted to an amino group (-NH2).
4. Finally, to complete the synthesis and obtain para-Methylacetanilide, the para-nitrosoacetanilide is treated with an acidic solution, typically hydrochloric acid (HCl). The acidic conditions cause the nitroso group to be reduced, transforming it into an amino group.
So, in summary, the sodium acetate solution in this synthesis acts as a base catalyst to facilitate the conversion of the nitro group to an amino group, which is a crucial step in the production of para-Methylacetanilide.