Are the following isotonic, hypotonic or hypertonic.
1) H2O
2 0.9% NaCl (isotonic)
3) 10% glucose
4) 3% NaCl
5) 0.2% NaCl
You could calculate the osmotic pressure from pi= MRT for each solution and compare to what you know to be isotonic.
To determine if a solution is isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic, you need to compare the concentration of solutes in the solution to that of another solution (usually the concentration found in normal body fluids).
1) H2O: Pure water does not contain any solutes, so it is considered isotonic to itself. It means that there is no concentration difference between the water inside and outside of the cells.
2) 0.9% NaCl: This solution is isotonic because it has the same concentration of solutes (NaCl) as that of normal body fluids. It means that there is no osmotic movement of water into or out of the cells when in contact with this solution.
3) 10% glucose: This solution is hypertonic because it has a higher concentration of solutes (glucose) than that of normal body fluids. This would cause water to move out of the cells, leading to cell shrinkage.
4) 3% NaCl: This solution is hypertonic because it has a higher concentration of solutes (NaCl) than that of normal body fluids. Similar to the previous example, water would move out of the cells when in contact with this solution.
5) 0.2% NaCl: This solution is hypotonic because it has a lower concentration of solutes (NaCl) than that of normal body fluids. Water would move into the cells, causing them to swell.
In summary:
- Isotonic solutions have the same solute concentration as that of normal body fluids.
- Hypertonic solutions have a higher solute concentration than that of normal body fluids.
- Hypotonic solutions have a lower solute concentration than that of normal body fluids.
To determine if a solution is isotonic, hypotonic or hypertonic, we need to compare it with another solution. In this case, let's compare them to human red blood cells.
1) H2O:
Pure water has no solutes, so it is hypotonic compared to human red blood cells.
2) 0.9% NaCl (isotonic):
A solution with 0.9% NaCl is considered isotonic because it has the same concentration of solutes as human red blood cells.
3) 10% glucose:
A solution with 10% glucose is hypertonic compared to human red blood cells. It has a higher concentration of solutes.
4) 3% NaCl:
A solution with 3% NaCl is hypertonic compared to human red blood cells. It has a higher concentration of solutes.
5) 0.2% NaCl:
A solution with 0.2% NaCl is hypotonic compared to human red blood cells. It has a lower concentration of solutes.