How much heat would be produced by reacting 1.82 grams of HCl with 2.00 grams of NaOH?
To determine the amount of heat produced by the reaction between HCl and NaOH, you need to find the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and use the stoichiometry to calculate the heat produced.
Step 1: Write the balanced equation for the reaction:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
Step 2: Calculate the limiting reagent:
To determine the limiting reagent, you need to compare the moles of each reactant. Convert the given mass of each substance to moles by using their respective molar masses.
The molar mass of HCl is 36.46 g/mol.
Moles of HCl = Mass of HCl / Molar mass of HCl = 1.82 g / 36.46 g/mol
The molar mass of NaOH is 40.00 g/mol.
Moles of NaOH = Mass of NaOH / Molar mass of NaOH = 2.00 g / 40.00 g/mol
Compare the moles of HCl and NaOH to determine the limiting reagent. The one with fewer moles is the limiting reagent.
Step 3: Determine the number of moles of the product:
Since the reaction is balanced, it tells us that 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of NaOH to produce 1 mole of NaCl and 1 mole of H2O.
So, the number of moles of NaCl and H2O produced will be equal to the limiting reagent.
Step 4: Calculate the heat produced:
To calculate the heat produced, you need to use the molar heat of reaction (ΔH). The molar heat of reaction is usually given in kJ/mol or J/mol.
If the molar heat of reaction is given, you can multiply it by the number of moles of the limiting reagent to calculate the heat produced.
If the molar heat of reaction is not given, you may need to refer to a thermochemical table or use the average values of ΔH for similar reactions.
Once you have the molar heat of reaction, multiply it by the number of moles of the limiting reagent to calculate the heat produced.