What is the lewis structure for(HN3)

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To determine the Lewis structure for HN3 (Hydrazoic acid), you'll need to follow a few steps:

Step 1: Count the total number of valence electrons.
Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron, Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons, and each oxygen (O) atom has 6 valence electrons. Since we have one nitrogen (N) atom and three hydrogen (H) atoms, the total number of valence electrons is:
(1 × 3) + 5 = 8

Step 2: Determine the central atom.
In HN3, Nitrogen (N) is the central atom since it can make more bonds than Hydrogen.

Step 3: Connect the atoms.
Place the nitrogen (N) atom in the middle and arrange the hydrogen (H) atoms around it. Each hydrogen (H) atom will form a single bond with the nitrogen (N) atom.

Step 4: Assign the remaining electrons.
After connecting the atoms, we have used 2 electrons for each bond (a total of 6 electrons for the three H-N bonds). This means we have 8 - 6 = 2 remaining electrons.

Step 5: Fulfill octet rule for surrounding atoms.
Now, distribute the remaining 2 electrons around the outer atoms (hydrogen) to fulfill their octets. There will be no electrons left on the nitrogen atom itself.

Step 6: Check for octet rule fulfillment on the central atom.
Since nitrogen (N) is a Group 5 element, it can accommodate more than 8 electrons. In this case, Nitrogen (N) has no remaining valence electrons.

Step 7: Check the formal charges.
Formal charges help us determine the most stable lewis structure. Calculate the formal charges by comparing the individual atom's valence electrons to their assigned electrons in the Lewis structure. The formal charge of an atom can be calculated by the formula:
Formal charge = (Number of valence electrons) - (Number of lone pair electrons + 0.5 × Number of bonding electrons)

In HN3, all the atoms have a formal charge of 0 since they each have the same number of valence electrons as assigned electrons.

Therefore, the Lewis structure for HN3 is:
H - N = N: (H and N are connected with single bonds, and N has one lone pair of electrons on it)