A 0.145 kg baseball pitched at 37.5 m/s is hit on a horizontal line drive straight back toward the pitcher at 48.0 m/s.
If the contact time between bat and ball is 3.50×10^−3 s, calculate the average force between the ball and bat during contact.
To calculate the average force between the ball and bat during contact, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force (F) acting on an object is equal to the mass (m) of the object multiplied by its acceleration (a):
F = m * a
First, let's find the acceleration of the ball. Since the ball is initially moving in one direction and is hit in the opposite direction, the change in velocity will be:
Δv = vf - vi = (-48.0 m/s) - 37.5 m/s = -85.5 m/s
The negative sign indicates that the velocity changed direction.
Next, we need to find the acceleration. Acceleration is the change in velocity divided by the time taken:
a = Δv / t = (-85.5 m/s) / (3.50×10^−3 s) = -24428.57 m/s^2
Again, the negative sign indicates that the acceleration is in the opposite direction.
Now that we have the acceleration, we can calculate the force using the mass of the baseball:
F = (0.145 kg) * (-24428.57 m/s^2) = -3543.18 N
Since force is a vector quantity, the negative sign indicates that the force is in the opposite direction of the initial motion of the ball.
Therefore, the average force between the ball and the bat during contact is approximately -3543.18 Newtons.
force*time=mass*changevelociy
change in velocity=37.5- (-48) m/s