How many grams of HCl are produced according to the following equation, H2 + Cl2 = 2 HCl, when 4.0 g of hydrogen reacts completely?
Here is an example stoichiometry problem I've posted. Just follow the steps.
http://www.jiskha.com/science/chemistry/stoichiometry.html
To determine the number of grams of HCl produced, you need to calculate the moles of hydrogen in 4.0 g and then use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the moles of HCl produced. Finally, convert the moles of HCl to grams.
1. Determine the moles of hydrogen (H2) using its molar mass:
Molar mass of H2 = 2.02 g/mol (atomic mass of hydrogen = 1.01 g/mol)
Moles of H2 = Mass of H2 / Molar mass of H2
= 4.0 g / 2.02 g/mol
≈ 1.98 mol (rounded to two significant figures)
2. Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the moles of HCl produced. According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of H2 reacts to produce 2 moles of HCl.
Moles of HCl produced = Moles of H2 × (2 moles of HCl / 1 mole of H2)
= 1.98 mol × 2 mol/mol
≈ 3.96 mol (rounded to two significant figures)
3. Convert the moles of HCl to grams using its molar mass:
Molar mass of HCl = 36.46 g/mol (atomic mass of hydrogen = 1.01 g/mol + atomic mass of chlorine = 35.45 g/mol)
Mass of HCl produced = Moles of HCl × Molar mass of HCl
= 3.96 mol × 36.46 g/mol
≈ 144.8116 g (rounded to two decimal places)
Therefore, approximately 144.81 grams of HCl are produced when 4.0 grams of hydrogen reacts completely.
To determine the number of grams of HCl produced, we need to use stoichiometry - the relationship between the balanced chemical equation and the mole ratios of the reactants and products.
Here's how we can solve the problem step-by-step:
Step 1: Write down the balanced equation.
The balanced equation given is: H2 + Cl2 = 2 HCl
Step 2: Calculate the molar mass of hydrogen (H2).
Hydrogen has an atomic mass of approximately 1 g/mol. Since H2 consists of two hydrogen atoms, its molar mass is 2 g/mol.
Step 3: Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen (H2) given in the problem.
Using the equation: moles = mass / molar mass, we can calculate the number of moles. Given that the mass of hydrogen is 4.0 g, we have: moles of H2 = 4.0 g / 2 g/mol = 2.0 mol
Step 4: Determine the mole ratio between hydrogen (H2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) using the balanced equation.
From the balanced equation, we see that 1 mol of H2 produces 2 mol of HCl. Therefore, the mole ratio of H2 to HCl is 1:2.
Step 5: Calculate the number of moles of HCl produced.
Using the mole ratio determined in Step 4, we can calculate the moles of HCl produced. Since the mole ratio is 1:2, the number of moles of HCl will also be 2.0 mol.
Step 6: Calculate the mass of HCl produced.
Using the equation: mass = moles × molar mass, we can calculate the mass of HCl. The molar mass of HCl is approximately 36.5 g/mol. Therefore, mass of HCl = 2.0 mol × 36.5 g/mol = 73 g.
Therefore, when 4.0 g of hydrogen reacts completely, 73 g of HCl is produced.