1. In the war of 1812 the most effective American Action against British shipping was by:

A. US navy frigates
B. navies of individual states
C. pirates in the Caribbean
D. US Navy submarines
E. privateering merchantmen

2. The British changed their strategy against the US in 1814 because:
A. they could expect the support of France and Spain at that time
B. the war in Europe which had diverted their attention earlier was now over
C. they could expect the support of Americans disillusioned with Madison's leadership
D. the American military effort had broken down completely
E. they had been soundly defeated in Europe

What are your answers?

Us navy frigates

To find the answer to question 1, we can analyze the options provided:

A. US navy frigates: This option suggests that the American navy frigates played a significant role in taking effective actions against British shipping during the War of 1812.

B. Navies of individual states: This option implies that individual state navies were the primary force behind effective American actions against British shipping.

C. Pirates in the Caribbean: This option suggests that pirates operating in the Caribbean had a significant impact on British shipping during the War of 1812.

D. US Navy submarines: This option suggests that the US Navy submarines were a key factor in the effective actions against British shipping during the war. However, it's worth noting that submarines were not used in warfare until the American Civil War, which occurred several decades later.

E. Privateering merchantmen: This option implies that privateering merchant vessels played a significant role in conducting effective actions against British shipping during the War of 1812.

Based on historical knowledge, the most effective American action against British shipping during the War of 1812 was carried out by privateering merchantmen. Therefore, the correct answer is option E.

Now let's move on to question 2:

A. They could expect the support of France and Spain at that time: This option suggests that the British changed their strategy because they anticipated support from France and Spain during that period.

B. The war in Europe, which had diverted their attention earlier, was now over: This option implies that the end of the war in Europe allowed the British to change their strategy against the US.

C. They could expect the support of Americans disillusioned with Madison's leadership: This option suggests that the British believed they could garner the support of Americans who were dissatisfied with President Madison's leadership.

D. The American military effort had broken down entirely: This option implies that the British changed their strategy because the American military effort had completely collapsed.

E. They had been soundly defeated in Europe: This option suggests that the British changed their strategy against the US because they had suffered a decisive defeat in Europe.

Based on historical knowledge, the correct answer to question 2 is option B. The war in Europe, which had previously diverted the British's attention, was now over, allowing them to focus more resources on their conflict with the United States.