Since the industrial revolution, the Earth's average surface temperature has

Answer

a. risen about 1 K.

b. has risen about 3 K.

c. has risen about 5 K

d. Has not changed significantly.

To determine the correct answer, we can look at scientific data and research on climate change. One way to measure changes in the Earth's average surface temperature is by analyzing long-term temperature records.

One widely cited source for this data is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which is an organization established by the United Nations. According to the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Report, which was published in 2014, the Earth's average surface temperature has risen by about 0.85 degrees Celsius (or approximately 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit) since the late 19th century.

Based on this information, we can conclude that the correct answer is a. The Earth's average surface temperature has risen about 1 K since the industrial revolution.